ZOLÂI GIELDÂN LEH ZAHDÂN

Zolâi gieldân leh Zahdân

Lâigieldân leh Hâmzahdân Etthâna

By Khai Minthang

Part One

Thupatna:
Ham khat phot in agindan (tone), alawdan (syllable), lomkawmdan (grouping) leh aginlawmdan (harmony) anei chiet hi. Leitung pumpia kithei pen leh a minthang pen English in zong tone, syllable, grouping leh harmony anei hi. Tualeh, vocabulary thu ah zong English in thumal kibang tampi anei a, azahna leh ahina tawh a kigeldan a thei mai diing pawl zong aum hi. English vocabulary ah “Box” kichi pen Noun ah “Singkuong” ahia, verb ah “Tum/Shuthop” china ahi hi. Tuamabang in, eite’n zong thumal khat in agen tampi nei aum hi chi thei lei ahoi diing hi. A thumal geldan isiem leh theithei pai zong aum a, a thumal a ki-theiloute khu a thuguol tawh i et a thei thei diing pawl zong aum hi. Tuazieh-in, thumal kang tahlat zousie a ki-tuohpi (Corresponding) English thumal khat tawh hilchien diing hiing kithawi kahisih a, a tone leh thumal lomkhawmdan ah themkhat ka ngaidan hing kum vang chia hing kithawi kahizaw hi. Zoham pen i ham chieng un a kichien vagua a, igel thaw chieng un khatvei teng abuoi thei valuoi hi. I gel chieng a i buoina pen “Vowel” sung maimai ahi hi. Vowel kichi pen koipou buoina ahimai diing in gingta ing. Tammi Vowel a laimal zousie hoitah a Zoham tawh kituoh a iginsah thei chieng un Zoham geldan ang nuomta diing a, sim zong ang simnop ma mata diing hi. Zolai Vowel Chinglou in Consonant Vaal: I ham pen ipien apat ina zah ahita a, I laigeldan pen khatvei langa hing um ahi nabou hi. Kum 1910 lai in pu Rev. Dr. J.C. Cope in Zolai ang na bawlsah a, eiham zahdan tahtah theilou ahimanin English tawh kituoh in vowel “a, aw, e, i, o, u” chi’n ang na bawlsah hi. Hilezong Zolai igel chiengin vowel guh maimai kizang lou in “a, aa, e, ei, i, ii, aw, o, ou, u, uu” chi’n vowel sawmlekhat a kizang den hi. Tuabanah consonant ni kigawm “Ch” leh “Ng” zong Zolai gelna a kizang gige khat ahi hi.

Zolai a vowel a chinlou ziehin laigelmi tampite’n vowel gindan tuomtuom adeina ziehun a tungtat, a nuoitat, a laitat, a ningtat, a suhtat, a toutat a zang ua, Zolai gel hamsa asuohlaw a, asim zong anuomtuom sih hi. Special character ihing zah chiengun computer leh press te ah gel hamsa asuohlaw a, zong buoilouna diinga buoina kipetawm ibang uhi. Tami ka chi chiengin a grammar lampang ka genna ahi zenzen sih hi. Vowel a buoi sangin grammar hoitah a zui in punctuation mark-te hoitah in zanglei Zolai asim nopzaw diinga, zong adihzaw ahipai lel hi. Zolai grammar leh syntax vai thupi tuomin genzaw vai.

Vowel I kisap mama vang un consonant kisam talawlou inei uhi. Tuate ahileh “J leh Z” “S leh C” “K leh C” “Y leh I” “X leh S” “Q leh K” “P leh F” chidante ahi hi. Tamteng pen Zolai gel chiengin style deina tawh igel pawl zengzung ua, Zolai namanlou isuo zel uhi. Etsn. Xien khu Sien dinmun ah ikoi ua, Qhul khu Khul dinmun ah ikoi ua, Lyan khu Lian dinmun ah ikoi ua, Wai khu Uoi or Uai dinmun ah ikoi ua, Jawng khu Zawng dinmun ah i koi uhi. Semi-vowel “w” leh “y” khu ei Zolai ah vowel u leh i tawh kibang ahilel hi.

Zolai pen Roman laimal apat kiletkhie ahiziehin “a, aw, b, ch, d, e…” chi’a isim dana kizang ahia, English te laimal “a, b, c, …” dana isim dana kizang ahisih hi. Tuaziehin, English te’n I laimal asim chiengun “Nang” khu “Neng” “Hang” khu “Heng” danin asim ua, adih tuon sih hi. Tampen English leh Roman script lawdan (Pronunciation) kibahlou zieh ahi hi. Roman script laimal bulphu a laiteng nei zousie’n Zolai dihtah in asim thei ua, English laimal bulphu a laiteng nei zousie’n Zolai dihtah in asim theisih uhi.

Buoina tawh Kidim “C” Laimal: Kawlgam Zou vontawite’n laimal buoina tawh kidim “C” pen India Zou vontawite leh leitung bupi’n azah “Ch” dinmun ah izang ua, adih zou tahtah sih hi. English leh Espanol laimal ah “C” pen abana vowel um penpen tawh kituoh in a gingsah uhi. “C” khu “a, o leh u” in azui leh “K” danin agingsah ua, “C” khu “e, i leh y” in azui leh “S” danin a gingsah uhi. Etsn. “Cisco” khu “Sisko” in a gingsah ua, “Cingco” khu “Singko” danin a gingsah uhi. “C” laimal “K” a gingte themkhat envai: Cambodia, Camel, Canada, California, Calcutta, Chicago, Congo, etc. Tualeh, “C” laimal “S” a gingte zong themkhat en kia vai: Cisco, Celebrity, Citizen, City, Center, Cyprus, etc.

Zolai i gelna a “C” pen “Ch” gindan a I ginsah leh mite’n I lai a sim dih theisih diing ua, eite’n zong mite laigel asim dih sih diing uhi. “Ch” khu leitung pumpia kizang leh kithei laimal ahi hi. Etsn. Chiangmai khu Zou Vontawi “C” zangte a diingin “Ciangmai” chi’n giel lei mite’n “Siangmai” chi’n ang kisimsah diing hi. “Chicago” ah “C” leh “Ch” kilamdanna thei thei ahimai hi. Chicago, Manchester, Chestnut, Chest, Champion, Charlotte, Challenge, etc. Tamna laimal “Ch” zousie “C” tawh heng in sim lei a gindan dihtah aging thei nawn mawngmawng sih hi. Cicago, Mancester, Cesnut, Cest, Campion, Carlotte, Callenge, etc. chite’n khietna aneisih ua, agindan zong adih thei nawnsih hi. Burmese thumal “Kyaw” khu “Cho” chi’a aginsah utawh kibang ahimai hi. Tokyo khu “Tou+Chou” chi’a ging diingdan ahi hi. Tuaziehin “C” zang a “Ch” a gingsah teiteite khu ama leh ama kisol asuoh hi.

Tuamabangin, “C” pen “Ch” dinmun a zang in “Cingno” chilei mite’n “Singnaw” chi’n ang simsah diing uhi. Cina, ciindan, cidamna, cithu, Bicing, ci-al, ciau, cieng, etc. Tamte pen “C” pen “S” gin a kigingsah ahiziehin Sina, Siindan, Sidamna, Sithu, Bising, Siau, Sieng, etc. chi’a kisim diing ahi hi. Cung, cang, cou, cuan, etc. Tamte pen Kung, Kang, Kou, Kuan, etc. chi’n a kisim diing hi. Tamte pen Pawi leh Mizo lamte laiteng ahideu a, Zomite a diingin “Ch” khu “a, o, leh u” in azui leh “Ch” khu “T” danin aging hi. Etsn. Chung khu Tung, Chang khu Tang, Chou khu Tou, Chuan khu Tuan, etc. chidan ahi hi. Zolai a “O, Ou leh Aw” Vai a Buoina: Zolai giel khatin ithei zing diinguh ahileh “O, Ou leh Aw” khu laimal tuom chiet ahi uhi. “O” pen bangchih hunin “Ou” danin aging ngaisih a, “Ou” zong bangchih hunin “Aw’ danin a ging ngaisih a, “Aw’ zong “O” ahiei “Ou” danin aging ngaisih hi. Tam laiteng thumte khu bangchih laipou a zalentah (independently) a kizang diing ahi hi. “O” khu “O leh Ou” gina iginsah chiengun I laigel tampi agin diing dantah in aging theita sih hi. Etsn. “Potato” khu “Ou” in gingsah lei “Poutatou” chidan asuoh a, “Pawtataw” chi’n gingsah lei zong adih sih hi. “Top” khu “Toup” chidan in aging ngaisih hi. “O” khu “Khopi” chi zahdan ah, “Ou” khu “Zou” zahdan ah “Aw’ khu “Awl in” zahdan ah zanglei adih diing hi.

“Zou leh Zo” Vai; Single leh Compound Noun: English a (Single) noun ichite khu silmin khat china ahia, Compound noun i chite khu “Noun ni kigawm a silmin (meaning) khat siemte” china ahi hi. English ah enlei: Bedroom, Check-in, Full Moon, etc. chite khu compound nuon ahi uhi. “Bed” chi khu independent-tah a um word/vocabulary khat ahia, “Room” zong word khat independent-tah a um ahita hi. Hilezong tamtegel i gawmkhawm chiengun zong ani un vocabulary/meaning khat a siem kia veve ua, “Bedroom” asuoh hi. A gelkhawm dan diing dan (rule) khautah aum sih a, kimat, dash tawh kizop leh kihal a kigel chite in aum zengzung veve sam hi. Tuama bangin Zolai i gel chiengin compound noun in gelkhawm dan diing dan (rule) khautah in a kinei sih a, a kimat, dash tawh kizop leh a kihal in a kigiel veve hi.

India langa Zou vontawite’n “Zou” leh “Zo” khu a kizang tuoh tuoh hi. A kizahdan ahileh single nound leh compound noun chidan in a kikhen taangpi hi. “Zou” khu amatang (single/solo) in a kizang a, “Zo” khu noun khat in a nuazui zing hi. Tam pen English a compound noun (Noun ni kigawm a meaning khat siemkhie) kigel dana kizang ahia, a nuazui (suffix) noun masanga “Zou” aum leh “Zo” chidan a kizang ahi hi. Tam pen English hama exceptional case achi dan ua kizang ahi hi. A dihtah a giel diing hilei Zougam, Zoumi, Zoulai, Zoulei, Zouhuikhi, Zouzam, etc. chi diing hinapi’n Zogam, Zomi, Zolai, Zolei, Zohuikhi, Zozam, etc. chi’n a kigiel zaw hi. A dan theinoppen ahileh I nam min khu amatang (solo) a izah leh ‘Zou’ chi diing ahia, I nam min leh silmin (noun) dangkhat thumal (word) khat isuo (Compound noun) leh ‘Zo’ chi’a zah diing ahimai hi.

Tami exceptional case zangin United Zomi Organization, Zomi Sangnaupang Pawlpi, Zomi Colony, Zomi Villa, Zomi Zion, etc. chi’n ana kizang hi. Tualeh, Zou min khu compound noun a kisuohsah lou a nam min khu amatang (single) a adin leh “Zou” a kizang hi. Etsn. Zou Youth Organization, Zou Laisai Pawlpi, etc. Tunai in tami nam min khu compound noun a zang nawnlou in United Zou organization, Zou Sangnaupang Pawlpi, Zou Literature Society, Zou Synod chite ang kizangta hi. *****************************End of Part One

ZOLATE PATÂTNA (Appreciation of Zo Poetry)

By Philip Thanglienmâng, M.A(Linguistics)

Zo late chi tuomtuom a om hi. Khenkhat toumunla pawlkhat sannemla, zangtala, lalêh leh adgdg a om hi. La pâtâtna i chi ciengin la khat sunga a gui kichiendan leh dawng khat ah thuteng bangza a om e? chi leh a okaidan, a thutengte kizawitawndan chite i genna ahi. A phuotu min leh khuo, a sepdohte leh a hinate hilcien ngai hi. Tualeh tua la dawngte sunga laphuotu in bang ahing hil nuom ahiei chite khuoltuona ahi. A thu a late sungah hindan, poudan, khosahdan, nopsahdan, gentheidan, dana, kana chite leh adgdgte a tomkim a genkhietna khu La pâtâtna kici ahi.

Tuinle; tam anei La pâtâtna genkhawm vai:

1. a.Khangvâimâng leh tuon a pupa,

Tongciemna kângtui munzâng hi e.

b. Zo Gunpi leh kângtui minthang

A tua tung Zota kuolsung ci u’e.

Apâtâtna 1: Tami la ahileh gamngaila ahi. Pu. Mang Cin Khup MPpu in Zogam a tapna a phuo ahi. Nidanglai a i pu i pate leh Kawlmangte a na kithukimna uh gamgi a genna ahi. Kawlgam zâng- Chindwin leh Kalemyo phâizâng gamte Zo te gam na hi ci latapna ahi. Zogam gamgi pen Zo gunpi-Chindween gunpi apat Loktak tuibêm(dil) tan a china ahi. A gui masa sungah kamteng(syllable) 8(giet) a om a, a gui nina ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi. Tami la pen Zangta la kai ahi.

2. a. Tuizum Mângkâng kîl bang hing khang,

Zota kuolsung zil bang lîng e,

Pienna i gamlei aw phal si’ng e.

b. Pienna gamlei leh i Zogam kuom,

Lal ka naw sansi’n hing zêl e,

Ngalliem vontawi ka lâulou lâi e.

Apâtâtna 2: Tami gamngai la ahi. Agui masa leh anina ah kamteng 8(giet) chiet a om hi. Agui thumna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi. Mangkangte ahing khanlet lai u’a Zogam a pawtpuo mihing ahingmat sawm lai u’a kiphuo ahi. Zote’n a pienna gam uh a it mama zieh u’a mi khut sunga alutsah nuomlouna uh laphuo ahi. Zogâl lâi a, Mangkangte leh Zote huoisetah a a kidouna u’a sisan naisan luonna a kitapna ahi. Hangsantahin ngaltang hat ma bangin a Zogam uh hung u’a,tualeh shina mi tampite’n atuoh u’a, nanleh Mangkangte a zau mawngmawng sih uhhi.

3. a) Zângkhen kawlchieng ka tawi minthang toh,

Sang ka kap lentukuom a zâl,

b) Sang ka kâp lentukuom a zâl,

Na bângkim na’i cin leh tuoi, Na bângkim na uoi?

Apatatna 3:Tami hanla ahi. Agui masa sungah thuteng 9(kuo) a om a, a gui nina sungah kamteng 8(giet) chiet a om hi. Agui thumna ah kamteng 7(sagi) atawpna gui ah thuteng guh a om hi. Tami la pen gamvahmi pasal khat in a thau tawi toh sa khat a tha khu a phuona ahi. A u-a naute’n a tangkim na uoi chia a phuona ahi.

4.(a) I Senam Zolei nunnuom,

Mi lênna’n ka phal lou e,

Pu lênna; tuon Pupa lênna aw e.

(b) Pu lênna tuon Pupa lênna,

Guol toh sang muol ka suona,

Sih vâng e, phal thei sih vâng aw e.

Apatatna: Tami laphuo pen phamsa Paul Gin Za Pao(Sugnu khuo) ahi. Tami gamngai la ahileh Senam khuo midangte’n a kisim lai a kiphuo ahi. Adawng khatna a, agui masa leh anina sungah kamteng(syllable) 7 sagi chiet a om a, agui thumna ah kamteng 10(sawm) a om hi. Adawng nina a, a gui masapen ah kamteng 10(sawm) a om a,agui nina ah kamteng 7 sagi a om a, a gui thumna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi.

5. a. Pâlpum minthang bânzâl suosiem,

Cîn minthang, toh hei lawm e.

b. Ka kotnawl a zuo lunggin aw,

Buollou lâukha ngâi ing aw e.

Apatatna: Tami la tang-ai ahilouleh sa-ai, ton la ahi. Aphuotu in a u-pa lutung a tuhpâl hoi mama asiet a et cienga etlawm a sah thu a phuona ahi. A kot kunglam a et cienga a pa sisa a lungsim a hing kilang, angai mama thu aphuona ahi. A gui masa sungah kamteng 8(giet) a om chiet a, agui nina ah, kamteng 7(sagi) a om hi. A gui tawpna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi.

6.a. Tuoi minthang leh khomuol lumsuong,

Hânzei tawina’n lawm sa’ng e.

b. Hanzei tawina’n lawm sa’ng e,

Sanggiel pawl toh lawm sa’ng e.

Apatatna: Tami hanla ahia, a tapa in kamei gielnei amat a tapna ahi. Khomuol lumsuong dawna mun a, hanla asahna thu ahi. Kamkei gielnei ahing puoh tung zou khomuol suongdaw tung kikou zen a ahatna hanla asah thu ahi.

7. a. Sâumang kânkong ka kalni’n zângni diel e,

Vuisâi luong sing bang lum e.

b. Lunggin teng maciengsuon ta’ng e,

Vuisâi thângmuol ah suo’ng e.

Apatatna: Tami hanla ahia, gamvahmi khat in saipi a thana la hi. Sabeng a kuon saipi lien mama khat a mat thu ahi. Inn a’ng tun hun in ni a tumta hi. A samat pen tuongphei lai ah a siel hi. A hieng a santeng toh a ai-khawm a a nekhawm hi. A gui masa ah kamteng 11(sawm leh khat) a om a, a gui nina ah, kamteng 7 sagi a om hi. Adawng nina ah, a gui masapen ah kamteng 8 giet a om a, agui nina ah, kamteng 7 sagi a om hi.

Dohnate:

Tam anei a late patatna gieldoh in.

1 t0 5 ladawng phuotu Paul Gin Za Pau(Sugnu)

1. Sien toh houlung ka kum a ,

Agin gimnei ka zâh aw,

Kidang sa’ng aw e,

Agin gimnei ka zâh aw,

Kâmmei kuongpi a’diei maw?

En ngamla’ng aw e.

2. Santuipi vûm bang khawl kâl,

Zatam cieului gâlkâi in, Suon heita aw e......

Miriam selungdam kisa’n,

Sî bang nûi in nunnuom,

Lâmtuol saita aw e.

3. Keila piengpan, ‘Zînkol tângsa; sal bang suoh di’n;

Sien aw nang vâng mu bang ngâi vêng e!

Mu bang ka ngâi, tung Lûnmâng aw;

Sênnâu bang ei pom aw Zuonêm aw!

4. Vân sînnuoi a miza piengteng

‘Zîn in kêlsiel bang ei del den e!

Lûnmâng Jesu Sien vontawi in phammawna daw-âi tawi lawm aw e!

5. Tai bang tênna sietlei tunga

‘Zîn-in kêlsiel bang ei del den e!

Zîng ka zinna, Sietlei tuol khie’n;

Thangvân vângkhuo tuong ka tun dîng;

Hâi bang ngâhla’ng e!

HÂMKULMUT(IDIOM& PHRASES)

By Philip Thanglienmang DANICS, MA(Linguistics)
ÂH BUPSHI BANG= gim mama, thatawl mama,piathawlou.
ÂH NÊLKÂI BANG=thupi,lien,loupi.
ÂH SINKHA BANG A KHÂ=thethuoi,tuimaw,deimawhuoi mama.
ÂH-ÊH ÛI BANG=mihingte atawm vang u’a kithutuoh uh hausa uh, tualeh thuneina nei uh.
ÂHNOU TUIKIE BANG =halmaw mama,hâtmaw mama.
ÂHPA NUPA BANG=kituoh,ki-îttuoh,kithutuoh,omkhawm.
ÂHPI IN ÂNOUTE AHAKÛI A AHUI BANG=enkol,poimawngâi,
kol.
ÂHTAL KHUONSIE BANG=thusie,pâupêng,mi toh kituohlou.
AKÊL LU PHÛM DAWH=a thugûh phuol kipholkhie,ahina tah kilangdoh.
ANÊUPÊN IN ÂH KÂNG CHIE LOM=sil khat poupou mi khat in a satan lawmloupi huoihamtah a,a lom.
ANNJÂNG KHA BANG=tuilou,tuimaw,zâh nuom huoilou
BAWNGPI KIPHIN BANG=thumangmaw,kiphinsie,thununglou.
BELENGTANG KHIEH BANG=thu akihil hil vanga lut lou,tum joulou,thawn.
BELTA BU DU=dugaw,deigaw.
BUIPI AKUO APHÂH KUON A TAWP/KIA=tupna ahilouleh sepna khat pou alawchin kuon a khawlsan,gim sasa
asepgimjou a aga aneh kuon a tawp.
BUI TOHOL BANG=buoisah mama, sugenthei mama, om ngimsah l lou.
CHINTUIGU KANG JÊN A PANG=aneisate teng seng a pang,
hatangtaha pang bembom,tha-leh-zung neiteng toh pang.
DAWI HAVANG KÂL A SUOHTA=zauhuoina mun pana vangphathuoitaha a suohta.
GÂLLU GÎNG A GÂLLU TUOH=pêltheilou sil gênna,mun khat apata kuon a gâlging a atâi leh atâina mun a gâl ana veve,
mawpuohna khat a tâisan leh mawpuohna lienjaw sêm leh gihjaw sêm tuoh .
GOUTANG KILIA BANG=ginsie,lim mama,thanuom mama,kipei lele kawi.
GUOLPÂU DÊHNA ZANG=mi toh kidemna zang,mi dêhna zang.
HÂHKOL HET=gimna thuohsah, gimsah,buoisah,puohgih pie.
HÂUSA I GÊN LEH HÂUSA HINGSUOH=mi khat thugên kigên lâitah a tua mipa hing suoh,thugên khat tângtung.
HÂUSA NGAI LOU HÂUSA= vâihawm ngailou vâisai,thukhen ngailou thukhen,vâîhawm siemlou.
HOULIM SA SÂNG IN TUIJAW=houlimna poupou nuom kisa,kihoulimtuona khu apei lam kithei pah manlou ahijieha sa tui mama toh kitêtuo.
HUI MUT SUONG SE BANG=athugênte,athuhilte khat bil a lut joulou,atuhna dînga tulou,a natoh a thawnsuoh.
INN GUO LEH GAM GUO=innsungmi leh pulam mi, mi kinâîpi leh midang kinâîpilou.
JAWNG HA THEILOU JAWNG HA THEISAH=theilou dîng sil khat theisah,pilsah,
JAWNG IN AMA KHÊNG MU LOU A MI KHÊNG AKAW=ama-leh-ama mîtmawna/mawna/chitlana ki-enloupi mi mîtmawna/mawna/chitlana gên gige,mi ngaw zing.
JAWNG NÊH NGÂU IN SANG=abawl khâhlou silkhat jieha liêuna-pânna tuoh,aliêuna lou dîng mun a valiêu kha.
JAWNG THUOH DÎNG NGÂU IN ATHUOH=pilvanglou man a thuohlou.
KÂMKEI IN AGIEL HENG LOU=abepbep,angaibep,agîtlouna mangthang tuonlou.
KAMKOU MEISIE=gintatloupi a meisi apata meikuong suoh.
KAMSIEM IN SIEL LEI SANG=kampha tawisiem khat in mi lungthah lâî zong alungkimsah thei hi,thu-leh-la gênsiem khat in thu agên leh liêuna mâithei.
KHANGHIM PHEDÊN BANG=kimut tui mama,imut tui sêngsêng in akiphoh leh zong khang thei lou.
KHÂU SÂU SÊNG KIKÂI-AWH=thu-leh-la akigên sawt leh buoina pieng.
KHUOILI TE NUPA BANG=nupa ki-ît mama,kituoh mama na asep uhleh sêmkhawm,anêh uhleh nekhawm,atou uhleh toukhawm, adin uhleh ding khawm kigênna ahi.
KHUOIPHÂNG BANG=lien,gol.
KHUOIPI HÂNG BANG=lungthah mama,thangpâî mama.
KHUOIVA DE BANG=na sêng mang lou,gâûnat.
KHUOIZU HUM BANG=lhum,hum,tui,lim.
KHUOL HOL LEH GIP HOL KITUOH=deidân kibang leh ki-îtte gênna ahi.
KHUOI SIM/SUTE’N ALIEH UHHI= natong leh nasêmte’n aga themkhat bêh ane têitêi uhhi.
KHUOLZIN SALIEM ZUI IN PANG SI’N=mi khuo ah va lîp sêng si’n len tua khomite va subuoi kawi si’n apiehpieh uh toh lungkim mai in.
KHUTNUA KHUTMA LIEH=zuoutat,gin-omlou,lepchia,lepchie.
KIGÛLLÛH=kidaphou,kidapkup,agûh a kimu.
KIKHÂUPHE NGAWNG DOT=kisim huotbawl.
KÎ-LEH-NEI BANG=kingâî mama,kituoh mama,ki-ît mama,
kilungsiet mama.
KI-UI THUONG HUP=dih leh dihlou en lou khuol lou akipawng panpi.
LAWI NÂH SA BANG=thununsah bai lou,thumansah hasa mama.
LAWISIH-SIELSIH A SI= ût leh ûtlou omlou a pâubawl têntun.
LIENDOU LEH THANGHOU MÎM TANGKHAT KIPHALHAWM BANG=ki-ît mama,kingâî vatun,kilungsiet
sêngsêng.
LUITA SUA LEH BÊLTA PHÛL BANG=huoisie mama,gum mama,
om ngimtheilou.
MÂI DAWNG BANG=hoi sepsop,ngêh sepsop,khangdawng mama.
MAWNG BANG KIKAWI= ki-ît mama.
MI KHUT A GÛL HING MAN=mi lepchia leh ngiansiem(chalâk) ama bawl tânga mi bawlsah,bangma tong pei lou a mi tohsa leh sepsa ngam kigênna ahi.
MI MU MASA HA MU MASA=eima sânga tâjaw leh piljaw kigênnna ahi,upa.
MITHAHTE NUPA TUNGTUON KITU BANG=kidemna,kidêhna gênna ahi.
NÂNG HIEM BANG=pil,khel,taima,hât.
NÂUPANG KÂNG KÂ BANG=sil chinteng mawh diegaw,deigaw chinteng mawh nei sawm.
NÂUPANG PÂPE DEIGAW=amanphatdân leh ajieh theilou a sil khat poupou mawh deigaw,mawh âm.
NÊHLOU DÎNG VONGGA KA KEI LEH MAH=lunglut tahtah loupi a sil khat avabawl leh tuitum joulou,ama toh kisai lou sil khat avabawl leh hasa mama sa thalkiadoh.
NELOU DAWNLOU NEPHU BUON BÂNG=
NGAL HAPÂ BANG=gînhuoi mama,hât mama,lûn mama.
NGALTA LEIKOU BANG=mimawl kamtam gênna,kisuhkhâhna simtham lou ahivanga na tham,thu nêunoukhat apata thuhuo-
isie suo, na mama.
NGALTANG HAPÂ BANG=gînhuoi mama,hât mama,lûn mama
NGÂU MÂI KÂNG BANG =mêlsie mama,hoilou.
NGÊNTANG TUMSUH BANG=kinuale nawtalou,lunglut mama,
lutthuh,lutzang.
NGÊUNOU TUO
PASAL ZANG LAWNG KHÂI=mi pasal ching khat china.
PAT NÊM BANG=thunuom,zâînêm.
PENGLAM ÂIKUO SAW BANG=zuou,akilawmlou sil khat pou dugaw leh deigaw.
PENGLAM SAKHI MAT BANG=sil khat theichien loupi a vâîsai mawh,hamva,tâpva,tupna bei,lunggêl bei..
PENGLAM SHU THEI=zongsang,sil khat athei vânglah khat tuden bawl dendon,bawl mielmuol
PHEISAM BIE NA BAH=abul lam a hâusa leh nuomsa mama tawp
lang a a’ng vângsete kigênna ahi.
SAKHI THAT LOU NGALTANG TUM=a kalvâl a sil khat poupou nei sawm muna neilou pi a ,gari hoi nei sawm,thakhat a hâusat mawh sawm,bawl joulou dîng sil tum.
SANG-ÂH BUHTOM=innsuong dudah lou,hindan dudahlou..
SANG-ÂH PALAI=mi zuou,lepchie.
SAPÊNGKÂ=Ha ka a kap,nah ka.
SAWMTANG KHAT ZUNTE=innsung khat a mi khat aminsiet leh innsung miteng a unpi u’a minsie uh.
SAZUH KÎ PUOH= amin maimai a apuoh.
SIEL GUO THUOH A THUOH=hasa nanleh, genthei huoi ma nanleh zong thuoh pâupâu thuoh tinten.
SIEL IN TOT LEH NÊH ATHUO=hoisa mama ahivanga gênsie gawp thop,gênsiet leh nêh athuo.
SIEL KOT KÂNLA BANG=mâitâng joulou,lawching lou,piching joulou.
SIEL NÂH SÂ BANG=chîl hasa,thumanglou,thunung lou.
SIEL SHINUA SIEL DÂI KÂI BANG
SÎ-LEH-BÂL BANG=kituoh mama,kithutuoh mama,ki-îttuo mama.
SUMKUONG CHIENG PÊ=sil khat athei leh hasuo nuom nawnlou tutâh den,lungsim kiheng theilou,kikhêltheilou kigênna ahi.
SHITHU NAM JÊN A PANG=ha pan a pang,kithakhêtlou a asepna khat a tangpan a pang.
SUONG TUNG A TUI SUN BANG=dêulou,thumanglou,gênte ngâilou.
TAGA NAWI MU BANG=nêh khâhlou mu khâh lou sil khat athei chienga akalvâl a ne mu sawm.
TALTÊNG(TANGTÊL)SITAN BANG=lungtom,lungkhawh,
hiemngam gênna ahi.
TAWM TAWI NGAILOU TAWM TAWI=vâihawm ngailou vâihawm tuachia vâihawm siemlou.
TEMBEI A NGAWNGTAN=mi khut a bang khatpou mat sawm ahisihleh tha sawm.
THASIE HUL DU=nasêm peiloupi a,sa tuitui du,nasep kukal loupi ann tuitui du.
THASIE TÊHSIE TANGDEN=tehsie nasêm joulou banga nasepna apata kihemkhe mang,nasepna apata kilep mang.
TO-U BANG A PANG=mi khatpou khu anêu vânga pang têntun,
lunglien.
THUPHA IN KOTBIENG KÂN LOU=Thupha leh thuhoi khu mite’n ajâh chiengun agên gênsawn ngâp khol sih uhhi.Thuhoi leh thupha gênsawn hasa kisa hi.
THUSIE IN MUOL KUO KÂN=Thusie pên mite’n ngâinuom in khat jâh khat in ana gênsawn pai hi.Tauchiin akithejâh bai mama hi.
TUI BANG KIGAWM=kichimat,kitêng,kinung,kithutuoh.
TUI BUOHSA LUOKIATHEILOU=Hun peisa kilekia theilou in thu kikhêlsa bawltha kiathei nawnlou.
UI MEI KHUP BANG=meipuoh,meidawi,jâu mama.
UI SUMLU=zumna bei a sil khat mu sawm,neisawm,nêhsawam.
UIMAW GAMSU BANG=tâpva,tupna neilou a mawh pângva.
UIPI MÂI A SAGUBAW KILIA=tâ,jawl sawm.
UI SHI A SHI=zumhuoitah a shi,mi mawhna banga shi.
UM TOU=tou muong,bangma ngaituona khawh neilou a tou muong.
VÂI LAH ZUNTHAH BANG=apanna bei,lungsim sunga mi thugên khatbêh zong lut lou,lunglut lou.
VAKHU TUINI BANG A KILOM=kihawmthaw mama,kikhuoltuo.
VAPHUOL MOULA=mou deisahtah k hat pui,mou pui.
VÂUPA BANG A PÂ=ngou mama,êm setsot,pâ phingpheng.
VOHPI MÂI A SUONGMANPHA KILUI BANG=sil manpha khat amanphatdân theithei lou.
VOHPI NGÂH MANG NGAILOU=numei hoi lungching leh anua ama khuolzingte in khiel ngailou.
VOMPI SA HAWM=a hâmjoupên leh athahâtpên in satan tam akitan a,midangte pên anêu nounou atangsah hi.
ZU-LEH-SA NEKHAWM=kipawlthei,kilawipawl,kichimat.
ZU-LEH-VA HÂM NGÂI=khongâi,lung ngaituo.
ZUN-LEH-ÊH SUOH=pannabei,mahthah,mangthang.
ZU SHI VA SHI A SHI=shi ginalou a shi,gamtum.

TANGTHU GIEL(STORY-WRITING)

1.Ni khat, naupang khat a belamte ching in loupa gamlah ah a kuon hi- Ngie a mu leh “Ngie,Ngie” chia kikoi dingin a kihil hi-Belamte ni tampi aching a-chimtahhuoi a sa mama hi-ni khat chiemmui kibawl in ‘Ngie,Ngie’ chiin a kikouta hi-a khomite a hum dingin ahing kikhawm uha ahinlah Ngie a om sih hi-naupangpa’n amaute a nuisat lel hi-akhomite lungthah uh-ni khat kia leuleu tuabangin a chiemmui leh-akhomite’n amapa ngaisahta sih hi- pawlkhat in atahtah hiva chiin ahing del u’a bangma a mu lou bepun tua naupangpa avuo uhhi-ni khat Ngie ahing pei tahtah ta hi-Naupangpa zau sengseng in,a o neisun toh ‘Ngie,Ngie, ei panpi uaw u-le-naute chia a kikoukou vangin-a khomite’n a ngaisahta mawng sih u’a -tua Ngie in belam tampi ataw a that hi.

2. Mi mang hausa khat in pawibawlna thupitah khat anzalui bawl hi-zin leh lêng tampite ahing zou uh-ngabenhmi khat in nga tuituoh mama khat ahing puoh hi chiin asawltahpa in apu a hil-mi mang hausapa’n a nga man pie in chiin thu a pie hi-asawltahpa a man ahileh zakhat vei elduongsat a chi-mi mang hausapa’n chiemmuina hiva chi-ngabengmi a hlan a, thu theichien sawm- adihtheita amapa zong nuom-ngabengmi in elduongsat sawmnga vei a daw khinkhian-khawl un a chi-ka lawmpa khat a kimkhat ka pieh ding a om hi- Koi e?-mi mang hausapa vanpopa- Bangziehin?-akimkhat a pieh sih leh lut phalllou-vanpopa’n amapa[ngabengpa] ahing lut kuon in a na kham lai a a kichiemna uh-vanpopa kihlanlut in elduongsat sawmnga vei ki sat-zin leh lengte nuiza uh- mi mang hausapa’n ngabengmi lawman sangpi khat a pie hi.

3.Si-al khat in luigal langkhat lam a, ai khat om mat sawm-bangchi mat ding e? chi ngaituo hi- sangawnsang kungah phaitawn luigal langkhat ah om a chi a-sangawngsang kipahman in ama puohsawm-luigal kan uh-si-al in ai khu khawng zouta-sangawngsang buoisah sawm-loupâng lai lah ah ha khuon in ahing khuongzah-khomite’n sangawngsang mu uh-chieng toh a vuo uh-sangawngsang in luidung tu suh-si-al kitawm in a ngum tungah a tupai sangawngsau in lui a kan lai un si-al in bang dinga tabanga a nei buoisah e? chiin a dong- si-al in ann ka kham zaw chiengin kei ka khuongzah let a -sangawngsang in kei zong ka ann kham zou chiengin ka kisil teitiei hi-chiin luitui sung ah a tumsuhta a-si-al pen luitui sungah a kelum dihtah-Moral lesson: na tuga na at ding.

4. Topi khat in numei khat khuolzin gamlah ah athat-atahsa aneh lai in asana tauchien amu-akoi ching- tuikul pang khat ah akiphuol-
tuikul pang ah khuolzinmi khat tui vot kisil sawm-thakhat in nathel bawh lah a kisel topi amu-zausi-jauthawng-topi in aw nemtahin ahoupi-ama mipha misiengthou thunget hat-deisahna jiehin sana tauchien apieh sawm -khuolzinmipa khu alungsim sungah huoihamna ahing dim ajauanteng beita di-sana tauchien la dingin tuikul akan-topi
in ana humsammat pailien athatta hi-Huoihamna khu shitheina ahi.

KIHOUNA(DIALOGUE)

KIHOUNA
(Dialogue Writing)
Kihouna kichi mi ni kihoulim china ahi.
Kihouna na giel chiengin na lungsim sungah alangnini in mitegel thugen dingte khuoltuo masa in,mi ni kihoulim mabangin kilahsah sawm teitei in.Kihouna na giel chiengin anei thute khuoltup in:-
1. Athusim kihoutuona ding u h ngaituo masa inlen kaht gen ding bang,akihoupipa gen ding bang e chite tuot masa in.
2. Tam thute akilawmtah in guol tuo inlen mite kihoulimna apata hing pawtdoh bangbang in gielsawm in.
3. Na lugnsim sungah amite tuot inlen bang agen ding uoi chite tuot inlen ahina uh toh kituoh i n athute gensah in.
4. Na kihouna gieldohte khu atawpna lam ah atahtah banga kisim theina dingin khuoltupkia i n. Laibu sunga thutengte hajah si’nlen mihingte kihou chiengua ajah thutengte jah sawm jaw in.
5. Mi khat ngentang in thu gensah si’nlen mi jousie hun pekim chiet in.
A kihoulimna khu a tatlou in luong dîldiel sah in.
6. Mite akihoulim laitah u’a a sutan mi kimkhat um let ahia, tam pen kihouna ngaina dan akilang sah hi. Ahunhun chienga guonlut zel ding a hoi hi.
7. Mite akihou chiengun lungsim phawnna chite anei let u’a tamte pen atawmthei banga guonlut let ding ahi.
8. Kholaiham(colloquial) i zah leh zong hamzahdan dih a zah ding ahi.
9. Kihouna khu lungluthuoitah a pat ding ahia, atawpna ah athututna(conclusion) tah khat a atuh ngai hi.

ETSAHNATE:-
I. Naupang ni khat alungsim neu bai mama khat pen alungsim khau mawh lungneu bai lou;
NP- Lalpu hing pei in bang khuchi lungman seng angai sih hi. A hasatdan ka’ng theisiem pieh mama a, ka’ng puohnatpi ahi. I lunggim a bang e i law thei kân ding asih am ?
LP- Hima e! Nangpu hileh zong nang pen mi hampha na hia,
tutungin na pass pailien a bangma na phawh khol sih hi. Hinanleh kei’a dingin aniveina ahijiehin hasa kasa mama hi. Kei dinmun ah um lachin zong nang zong na kipah khol sih ding hi.
NP- Na gen dan ka thei siem mama hi. Akia chiengleh hasim in na sim dinga na passit sawm teitei sih diei? izaw lawm. I pu i pate’n a na gengen uh na mangngil ta amah? ‘Khatvei lamhlang tuon khiellou koi a om diei?’ a na chibou sih uh amah?
LP- Lamhang tuon khiellou lah hi sing a,ka vangsiet jieha tabang dinmun a om zel ka hi bou hi,Nangpu.
NP- Vangsiet zieh chi si’n Lalpu ka lawm bangbang hitaleh a kia chiengleh kukaltah in pan bembom inlen hi lachin na lawching ngei ding hi chi ka gen ngam hi.
LP- Tu kumsung mawngmawng ka vangsietna ngen in a dimlet hi. Amasapen in kum kimsuh gei in ka dammaw mama a term khat sung mawngmawng ka mansuo tang hilhiel mawh hi. Tualeh, ka exam ma deu in ka it mama ka pa ahing shi phut mawhta hi.Tua zieha ka sim dingteng zong sim man lou a hichi hita’ng e, Nangpu.
NP: Awle, na thugente ka ngaikhiet leh na vangsietnate ka jata a tuin ka theichien ta hi. Ka’ng puohnatpi mama hi Lawm. Hinanleh zong a kia chienga dingin hoitah in kiging kia inlen hi lachin na lawching ngei ding hi chi ka hing gen sawnsawn hi. Na lungsim hoitahin kingaituo inlen panlathakia ta in.
LP- Bangma phattuom si’a keipi avangsie mawng a pieng hileng kilawm bou Lawm,na khat pou ka khut toh ka tuophot nahleh lengmang sieng uh hileh kilawm.Scholarship muna dingin hun bangzavei ka seng tadiei? Ahi’nlah midangte’n mu gige uh,kei’a ding hilou mawngmawng hiva. Bangma ngaituo zou nawn si’ng lawm, sepai khat ka tum thei leh kitumta vang.
NP- I pu I pate’n Zolei a na hlaw lai un lungkelou in a na hlou let u’hi.
Doupi nisa sa leh zong, huipi lang leh zong,sa leh gal hang leh zong a na pang tentun uha tuachiin neh leh tahte a na nei thei uhhi chi thei lei hoiva ka chi ahi.Tuinleh, na ma-ah kum khat sunga om nalai a, na lungsim neiteng toh leh na thahatna teng toh sem tinten lachin kum tawp chiengleh aga na lou ngei ding hi, Lawm na lungkesah malmal si’n.

LP- Nang banga lungtang khau hileng hoiven! Hinanleh zong nang hawnthawn dungjuiin tu kum pen hoitah in bawlsawm kia ta vang ka vang etna in.
NP- Ha! tuabang lugntang akhula pasal tahtah in anei ding.
Na vangsietna na chite tukum in na sumangta ding hi chi ka gingta hi.

DOHNATE:
1. Laisim kukal mam naupang khat leh ki-apmaina lam a lunglut mam naupang ni kihouna gieldoh in.
2. Singtangpa khat leh zanggammi khat kihouna hing gieldoh inlen singtanggam a hoidante, a nopdante leh zanggam hoidante leh nopdante hing pulah in.
3. Sepai khat leh summetbawlpa khat kihouna hing gieldohin?
4. Pen leh pensil kihouna hing gieldoh in?
5. Humpi leh simbeng tângthu khu kihouna in gieldoh in?
6. Mittaw guh te’n saipi a thamna uh kihouna in hing gieldoh in?
7. Naupang ni in amang uh agen chiet uh kihouna in hin gieldoh in?
8. Michippa leh misiempa kihouna gieldoh in?
9. Mesi leh khauphe kihouna hing gieldoh in?
10. Zu: ahoina leh ahoilouna kihouna gieldoh in?