zoulim

Khupcing and Ngambawm

2011-03-16T13:39:00.000-07:00

Once there were two woman who were great friends and they loved each other very much. One day they made an agreement that if one gives birth to a male baby and other give birth to a female baby they would marry them to each other .Later in the use two pregnant women gave birth to a female and the other woman gave birth to a male baby.The male baby was named Ngambawm and the female baby was named Khupching. Khupching belongs to a royal family whereas Ngambawm belong to a poor family. So their social disparities created a social barrier. Khupching’s parents retracted from their agreement to marry these two people.So they tried to seeparate them rightr from their babyhood. They used different cradles,but it was so amazing that the two babies join themselves in one cradle. Even in the field they thought that they had separated while ploughing the field they found the two babies join together in the evening in one cradle.As they grew up Khupching and Ngambawm loved each other very much. One day Ngambawm asked Khupching to marry him. But Khupching replied in songs:
(a) Ka tun va dongin,ka zuo va dong in khuokhâl tui bang hing la ve aw.[ask my mother ask my father fetch me like the dry season(autumn) waters.]
Ngambawm asked her parents.They refused/rejected him flatly.
Ngambawm sang this song:
(a) Na tun lah dong ing na zuo lah dong ing khuokhâl tui bang lâh nâilou e.
I had asked your mother and father, they flatly refused to marry you to me, but I can not fetch you like dry season(autumn) waters. On hearing her parents refused him,her love for Ngambawm increased day by day.

One day Ngambawm plucked a single hair of Khupching and he placed it under a stone which was near a waterfall of a stream.Khupching fell ill since then.Her mother decalred that if someone could cure her he will be her husand. When he heard this news ngambawm took back the hair from under the stone and put it back into Khupching’s head. Ngambawm cured her but her parents still refused him marriage to her. Ngambawm again took back and he put it under the stone nearby stream once again. She became ill bagain. Her parents again promised the same as before to one who could cure her. He took the hair and put it back into her head and she was cured. In this way he cured her many times.But her parents were adamanat not to mary her off to him. Ngambawm again hid her hair under a stone unfortunately this time her hair was lost in the running stream. So Khupching fell ill and died. When the body was about to be buried her body swelled like a big balloon and the people could not extricate out of the house. The people were flabber-gasted and amazed about this phenomenon. No one could solve the problem. So they requested Ngambawm to come and help them out. Ngambawm spoke to the corpse saying “Darling we are separated but this is the will of God, make your self small again and get out of the the door”. After that the corpse became small and was able to get out the door easily. Once again the corpse refused to get out of the entrance of the gate of the house by swelling big. again. Ngambawm said “Darling, make yourself small again one more and get out of the entrance gate of the house.” After that the corpse was easily taken out of the entrance gate.After Khupching was buried Ngambawm returned to his house filled with tears.
(a) Atui in hal e, têu a tui in hal ,hal jou nailou zawlching ngâi ing e.
(b) Atui suh inlu ong damdiel in luong e, Ching aw vâi bang na thâm na hie? [The waterfall was between us but it could not separate us I love Chingkhup more and more. The water flows gently but you died in this flowing water.]
One day Ngambawm planted a cockscomb flower on the tomb of Khupching. He saw a wild cat coming to pluck the flowers and he caught it by chance.When he asked the wild cat as to why it plucked the flowers every night it told him that it was sent by Khupching. He told the wild cat to pluck out the chicken’s feathers on its way to the Khupching’s village till he arrives there. Following the trail of plumes he finally arrived at the village where Khupching lives. On seeing her his joy knew no bounds. He and Khupching lived together in the house. One day the villagers went for fishing expedition She sent him also to join the villagers and she gave him the bamboo basket for collecting fishes.
One day Khupching said to Ngambawm, “ Please go back to your village,as soon as you reach your home kill one pig and eat its meat. After that hang a spear above your bed, and let free all the chicken from their roosts. Then, lie down on your bed facing the roof of your house whre you hanged the spear”. As advised by her he returned to his village soon and he did whatever things to be done as told by Khupching.As he lay on his bed the spear accidentally fell on his chest and he was killed instantly. After his death his spirit went the village of Khupching. He reached her house and they both met each other happily ever after.....
Source:Upto date History of Zo tribes by Rev. P.Khamdonang M.A

LATE(Psalms)

2009-08-25T01:01:00.001-07:00

[Tam Late(Psalms) ei Zo Lakamtengte/Lahâmtengte{Poetic words), Kigêntênate(Metaphors), Kitêkâhnate(Similes) zangin ka’ng lèdoh hi.
Simtute’n na ngaidan ciét úh na kumthei gige díng úh hi. Mângpa’n thupina tangta hên]
By Philip Thanglienmang DANICS, M.A(Linguistics)

La No.1 14/1/2007
Simsing bang gillou, tawnkhielte gawlpâl sang bang khàl,
Mi musitpa cieldaw tunga toulou mipa khu a vângtâng e.
2 Sien cinthu siem bang sin a, pâh bang tawi kawm in,
Sûnkhuo zânkhuo omlouin, a lunglâi ah sielzatam den e.
3 Ama pên lûipang a tullim dawng ngîhngêh bang hi e,
A hun cienga, a ga dawn bang hing suong ahia,
Thelna vul ni ngailou toh kibang ahia,
A bânzâl zietsuon taphot a gasuong dîng hie.
4 Simsing bang gillou bânzâl zietsuon gasuong lou e,
Amate pen vâinêl hûilâng in a sêmmang giap to’bang ahi uhi.
5 Simsing bang gilloute pen thukhenna ah ding thei sihva un,
Simsing bang gilte kipawltonna ah sang bang buol sihva u’e.
6 Tung Sienmâng in simsing bang gilpa gamtat a thei a,
Nanleh, simsing bang gilloupa namtatna khu sina guomthûh ahi.

La No.2 14/1/07
Bangzieha Sien cinthu phawhloute lunghê uh ata’i?
Mihingte’n bangmaloupi khat khuom bang gêlgêl den uh ahiei?.
2 Simlei mângte ûm bang khawl in, houlung kum lunglâi huolkhawm u’e,
Tung Lûnmâng toh a thâunûlsapa dóuna vâi sûnkhuo zânkhuo in sielzatam u’e.
3 “A bânzâlte uh khâu bang sâttawng sieng va ui in, i kizopna khâute pâimangta va ui” a
ci uhhi.
4 Thangvân a tutkhawlpa si bang nûisan va aw e,
Topa in amahaw a musit dîng uhhi.
5 Tua ciengin Ama’n a lungthahna a lêl ding a,
A lungkimmawna lienpi toh a sugim dîng uhhi.
6 Nanleh, keima’n ka lêngpa pen Zion muol siengthou tungah ka tung dîng hi.
7 Topa’n ka dânpieh ka phuong dîng hi, ciin ei hil hi.
Tuni in keima’n nang ka’ng hin ahi a, nang pen ka tâ na hita hi.
8 Hing ngên in, sien cinthu phawhlou na gouluo dîngin ka’ng pedîng a,
Simlei mongli na goulam dîngin nang peva’ng.
9 Siatûl toh na sâtkêh dînga, leibêl kitênkhêzâh bangin na tênkhêhzâh dîng hi.
10 Tuaziehin, pilvang un, simlei mângte aw,
Simlei tung thukhente aw kihil ciet un.
11 Sienmâng sum bang bie unlen, a nâ sêm un,
Si bang nûi in, lâm bang pâh in kilîng ciet un.
12 A Vontawi dawn bang tuoh in lunghê khava,
A sinlungmuolna nêunou khat ang kuóng tamaleh mangthâi vâteh,
Ama tunga ginna nei mite a hampha ahi uhhi.

La No.3
Aw Topa, ei liengsahte leh dougâlte khaleite bangin pûl u’e,
Nasing vâupate bangin vûmden ta u’e.
2 Zatamte’n panpineilou ci’n nûiciem in ei lêl u’e,
Sienmâng panpi neiloupa’ ci’n ei nuisat uhhi.Selah.
3 Nanleh, Nang î Topa, ka lum leh ka phaw na hia,
Ka loupina leh ka simlu phongtu na hi e.
4 Ka âw nei sun toh Topa mal bang ka kou a,
Ama’n a muol siengthou, panin ei dawng hi. Selah
5 Zâlna lâikhun tunga, ka zâl cieng’n, tuitahin ka kîmu a,
Ka phâimit hâ tandongin Topa’n ei damsah hi.
6 Dougâl zatamte’n mang bang ei kân sawm u’e,
Sâng zatam dougâl gîng vawt si’ang.
7 Zuong hing thou in, Topa aw, aw ka Sienmâng,
Ka dougâlteng kha-hlâng na tawngsah sieng zouta a,
Sien cinthu phawhloute hâ zousie,na tawngsah siengzouta hi.
8 Hundamna Topa’a ahi a, na guolzawlna khu na mite tungah a om hi. Selah.

La No.4
Ka thudihna Sienmâng aw e,
Mal bang ka kou cieng ei dawng in aw,
Ka sinlâi duoi vangût ciengin aw, nangma’n mei bang na thengsah e,
Hekhuo ei tuo inlen mîm bang ka’ng thûmna nâu bang na sâng in aw.
2 Mihing tate aw, bangtanvei ka loupina khu zumna na suohsah dîng uoi?
Bangtanvei, silmangthâithei khu mu bang ngâi in, thudihlou na sûi dîng uoile? Selah
3 Nanleh, Topa’n Amama ngêl adîngin pasiengîngpa pen chî bang têlta hi chi khu
thei un, Ama ka hlat chiengin, Topa’n kei ei dawng na va.
4 Zâu kawm in pheiphung suon inlen, maw si’n,
Na zâlna lâikhun tungah kizaml inlen na lunglâi ah sielzatam in,
Khongâi khinkhian inlen, selung muongta in. Selah
5 Dihtatna kithoinate lân inlen, Topa kûngah na upna ngâ in.
6 Zatamte’n lêl u’e, “Koi e, koute silhoi ei musah dîng?”
Topa, na langmâi vângtâng limlien koute tungah hing tângsah in aw.
7 Selung lâm bang pâhna khu mîm bêm, tâng bêm
Lêt hun cieng sângin nei kipâhsahzaw e, Topa.
8 Muonna toh kidim in, kei ka lum dînga ka ki’muta dîng hi,
Aziehpên damna leh bitna ei guon Aw, Topa nang na hibou hi.

Late No.5
Mal bang hing kou ing e, Mângpa aw e,
Ka tongdam nâu bang na sâng bou in aw,
Ka khongâina gimnamtui in na pom di vawi, Sienmâng.
2 Mal bang kou a nâu bang ka kâna aw, gimnamtui in na sang in aw,
Ka Mângpa leh Sienmâng aw,
Na siengah mîmva bang hing thûm va’ng e, aw Sienmâng.
3 Zîngsang ciengin mal bang ka kikouna aw za vâteh,
Zîngmawng simsiel in, ka mâimit nang lam suon va’ng e,
Mîmva bang ka thûmna nang sieng lam ngat bou va’ng..
4 Aziehpên khelna tuonglam lâm bang pâhpi lou Sienmâng na hi a,
Tuachiin sietna pen nang toh omtonthei lou ahihi.
5 Michinglou khu na mâimit suon na ah ding sih va uh,
Tawnkhiel zousie nangin na huo hi.
6 Thudihlou tonglêlte na suse dîng hi chi ka thei a,
Mângpa’n tuolthat leh zuoutat mi hodîng hi.
7 Kei vâng ahileh, na sâumâng sungah pheiphung ka suon lut dînga,
Na khotuona simsienglou ah, nang zâuna lungsim kuo kawm in,
Na bieh-innpi siengthou tuonglam ah, na sinlâi sum bang hing be va’ng.
8 Ka dougâl zatamte ziehin, na thudihna toh ei pûi in aw Mângpa,
Ka mâimit suon thei dîngin, na tuonglam sizawl bang hing zangsah in aw.
9 Gin-opna kamteng a kam sung u’ah a om lou e,
A sinlâi sung uh sietna in dim e;
A lawl uh hânkuong kihong hi e,
A lei uh toh a zuoupoh uhhi.
10 Lounam bang nuoichimit siengin Topa,
A thumopna uh toh sing bang pua siengta uh heh,
A tawnkhielna uh zatamte ziehin puon bang pâi siengta in,
Aziehpen, amahaw’n nang dou siengta uhhi.
11 Nangma a ginna neite lâm bang kipâh uh heh,
A aw neisun toh kikou in kipâh uh heh,
Aziehpen nangma’n amahaw na hung hi,
Na min hêmthei bang loute zong lâm bang pâh uh hên.
12 Mithudih na guolzawl dînga, sênlâinâu bangin pom in,
Deisahna toh pom vâchin, lum leh phaw toh na tuom dîng hi.
Mawna nei in phuong in Mângpa.

La No.6 13/4/07 8.50 A.M
Aw Topa, na sinlâimuol ciengin ei sielphaw si’n aw,
Na sinlung awilou ciengin tonsiel bang ei sât si’n aw.
2 Loutuol patpuon bang nêm ing,
Hekhuo ei tuo siem bou in aw,
Topa ka gu ka tângte khamsiengta ei sudam in aw.
3 Ka hlagâu zong bâgawpta e,
Aw Topa bangtan lâhtui bang thâm dîng ne’ ?
4 Aw Topa, sul hing hei kia inlen! na khotuonate zâlin,
Ei hundoh inlen, ei hundam in.
5 Sina hânkhûh tuol ah, nang theizingna om sih e,
Kûlsîn sungpan ko’n lâm bang na’ng pâh diei le?
6 Zânkhuo’n dam bang tâu ing, duonglâi vulvaniang ing e,
Zâlna lâikhun taikhuovâl luoi bang kiveiden e,
Sênnâu bang kihlimmaw’ng, luonhli li bang cing e.
7 Lungzuon zatam sielsiel ing, phâimit simkhuozîng e,
Dougâl zatam mâimit suon ing, pâh bang muolta e.
8 Ka kâ ka mâuna Sien in nâu bang sâng e,
Zînlêng kolbu tawnkhelte aw, ka sieng tâisan u’aw ,
9 Topa’n ka thûmna mîm bang sa’ng e,
Ama’n ka tâuna ei sânpieh na va!.
10 Ka dougâl zatamte mâizumta heh, buoizâh gawpta uh heh,
Sul hei kia uh hênlen, simzawng bang mâizum pai uh heh.

La No. 7 22/4/2007 9.40 a.m
Ka selung kimsiengna, kei’a Zuo Sienmâng aw,
Ka sinlâi gil na siengah beng bang ngâ ing e,
Tonsiel bang ei sâtsât zatamte huongzawl pan,
Sál bang ei tandoh inlen, ei hundam in aw.
2 Nei hundam sih leh hûmpi nêlkâi in sangsa,
A baw kalâu bang amahaw’n ei bottel va uh,
Ei hunkhedoh dîng koima om sih e.
3 Aw, Topa ka Pasien, tawnkhielna ka bawl a,
Ka khuttung a tabang tawnkhielna a bân a’leh,
5 Ka dougâl’n ka lâukha tonsiel bang ei sâtnên heh,
Ama’n ka nuntâtna tuoltang dênna’n nei henlen,
Pâh bang ei kitawina al bang mangthâi heh, Selah
4 Kei toh gâlmuongpa khu ke’n gamsegûl banga ka viel leh,
(Vângkâi loupi a, ka suotâtsah ka mêlma hi e).
6 Aw Topa na lunglâihe duoisah inlen, zuong hing thou inlen,
Gie bang hing kizûn vawi, ka dougâl lunglâihe zatam e,
Zuongthou inlen, na thupieh thukhenna ei neipieh ta’n.
7 Tuaciin, mizatamte’n sang bang a buolna u’ah,
Lam bang pâh in, khuoi bang a’ng bawm dîng u’a,
Tuaziehin, na thangvân sâng pan, sûl hing hei kiata’n aw.
8 Topa’n mizatam tung’h thukhen va’n,
Ka thudihna leh ka dihtatna sulzûi in,
Kei tungah thu hing khenta’n aw, Topa.
9 Aw, sinlâimuolte khelna simlei bang tawp hên,
Sizawl bang zangte khuom bang khawkip in aw;
Tuonglam bang zang Sien in sinlâilung mâitmit suonzaw e.
10 Hlîm bang ka kisunna Sienmâng hi e, sinlâi siengte hundampa
ama hi e.
11 Thudih Sien in khenta e, singunei tung’h nisiel Sien lunghê
taluo e.
12 Sûlnua a’ng hei lou leh, a nâmtem tâthiem a,
A kangthal kuoizou in, a kamta e
13 Ama’n zong kûlsîn tanna bântawite a siempieh a.
A bawlsete tangthal muazum lâitan e.
14 En vawi, ama khu tawnkhelna, toh dimletzou hi e,
Tatsietna a sinlâi sungah pâi bang kuo e,
Sing bang káwi simthu, beng bang puo hi e.
15 Sina guomthûh a toukuohta e ,
A guomthûh tawkuoh sungah thel bang a keta valien e.
16 A simlu tung’h a tatsietna’n law bang a’ng khu kia va’n,
A gumtatnate pen a kânkot siengah sûlheikia va e.
17 Sienmâng a cinthu sîzawl bang a zang, lâm bang pâh va’ng e,
Tunglûnpên Sien min pâh bang tawi va’ng e.

La No. 8
Aw, Topa, koute Topa, simlei tungah,
Na min ni bang a lûn a, zâng a lawi bang kithang den e!
Thangvân kânla sângsawn ah na loupina ni bang tâng e.
Thangvân sâng ah na loupina dawngkhawnsah cie!
2 Sênnâu vondeite tonglêl vângin,
Na dougâlte pal bang nanna dî’n, zaitha hâtna nei guon a,
Nang zaitha hâtpen na hia, na dougâl sing bang sie cie!
Batphulapa ning bang ngûisah cie.
3 Na siemsa thangvân kânla sângsawn, aw, ke’n selung ka siel ciengin,
Nangma siembawl solhlapi leh si-alte.
4 Miliem bang ahia, nangin na ci ngaituo lawmlawm buong aw e,
Miliem vontawi, gâthâng bang nang vê lawmlawm aw e?.
5 Ama pen na kûisiemte nuoi lien ah na siem a,
Zâtâtna leh loupina mânglukhu na khuhsah aw e.
6 Na siembawl cingteng, na siemsateng kuom bang luosah cie,
A bânzâl neiah silcinteng sing bang sie cie.
7 Tute, bawngte, lawite, sielte tualeh ganhing cinteng,
8 Tunglêng vate, kângtuipi limngate leh a sunga piathei cinteng,
A bânzâl neiah sing bang sie cie.
9 Aw Topa, koute Topa aw, na min bangzatah a ngai e chi!,
Simlei tungah na minngainou hêmthei bang louchimla ung e.

La No. 9 14/8/2007 12.20 PM
Ka sinlâilung zousie toh, Sien aw, lam bang na’ng pâh va’ng,
Na silsiemsa loupiteng ke’n phuongzâh va’ng.
2 Na tungah ka lâilung dam vangût e, sî bang nûi ta’ng e,
Na minngainou sûnnâu bang zaila’n hing awi va’ng e,
Aw, nang Tungnungpênpa.
3 Ka dougâl zatam sûl a’ng hei ciengun, na vântuol mun ah,
Kipalpua sieng va un, mangthâi siengta va uh.
4 Aziehpên nang’n kei thuneina leh kei lunglam na thei hi,
Na mângtouna ah na tou a, thudih na khen hi.
5 Nangin lawkite na house gawpzou a, migiloute na sumang zouta hi,
A minte uh, kumtawn kumtawn adîngin na sumil zouta hi.
6 Aw, dougâl, suhsietnate tawntung in a tawpta hi,
Khopite na suse zouta a, a muolsuongte uh toh, mangthâisiengta u’e.
7 Hinanleh, Mângpa khu kumtawn in a hingzing dîng hi,
A mângtouna khu thukhenna dîngin a siemta hi.
8 Ama’n simlei tung thudih in thu a khen dínga,
Ama’n mite tungah dihtatna toh thukhenna vâi a hawm dîng hi.
9 Liengvâite dîngin Topa kibutna ahi dînga,
Hesuo genthei chienga tâina ahi.
10 Na minngainou theite’n, lumsuong bang a’ng bel uh,
Aziehpên Ama sang bang suite pen Topa’n tâisan sih hi.
11 Zion a buol Ama khu zaila ngai in lam bang pâh va ui,
Mi zatamte lah ah a a siembawlte leh a phatnate phuongzâh un.
12 Sisan lam sûichienna a nei in amate a thei hi,
Ama’n kingâingiemte nâu bang kâna a hai sih hi.
13 Hekhuo ei tuo bou in aw, Mângpa,
Kei ei hote khutsung pan a,
Ka thuoh hesuona ei theipieh in aw,
Sina guomthûh dawngkot pan a ei kâitoupa na hi.
14 Tuachiin Zion tanu tunkot ah,
Ke’n nangma lam bang hing pâh va’ng,
Na hundamna sungah kipâh zingta va’ng e, Mângpa.
15 Lawkite î, amahaw bawlsa guomthûh sungah a tummang siengta u’a,
A pilthâng siete u’ah, amate a awhlia siengta uhhi.
16 Mângpa khu a thukhenna a vâihawmsiem na vângin a kithei hi,
Sinlâimuolpa pen ama pilthâng kamsa sungah a awhta hi,
Hig-gã´ion, Se´lah.
17 Sinlâimuol leh Sienmâng thei bang hai,
Namchin teng pen kâmmei vângkhuo ah gimthuoh va uh.
18 Miliengvâite a kimangngil den sih dînga,
Mizawngte kinepnate zong a mangthang tawntung sih dîng hi.
19 Zuong hing thou in, Topa mihingte vâihawmsah si’n,
Na mâimit suonna ah, lawkite khu kithukhenlu hên.
20 Zâuna lunglâi guon in, O, Topa, namcin zatamte’n
Mihiem ahibou u’hi, ci khu a’ng kitheidoh nadîng un. Se´lah.

La 10. 19/8/2007 11.00a.m
Ò Tópa bangzieha kei pan a, váng-ìnlá na ta’ì?
Ò Tópa bangziéha kéi genlieng nei et lou a, na phâimìt na sêl ahiei?
2 Migilòu in kiliénsahtáhin mizawng a génthèibâwl valién hi,
Amaúte’n a ngaituosa uh a silbáwlté sungah kithunlût valéh úh hên.
3 Migilou in a lungtang deigawna a kiphatsahpi phuàt léhlòh a!
Tópa huottah êngsiétna khu thuphâ a pe phuàt uh hi.
4 Migilòu in a kilétsahna sahmêl ziehin Tópa sang bang sûi lou hi,
A lungsim zóusie ah, Tópa a òm váwt síh hi.
5 Ama gamtátnate khu a huòise zing ahia;
Na thukhénna pên ama’ mâimit suòn phâh dîńg guol ahi síh hi.
Tópa’n a mêlmate pên hùimút suong sè a bángsah hi.
6 A lungtáng sungah ama’n hichi’n a dàpkuò hi;
“Kei pên ei kisulohta sihva, gèllieng kici póuma sínkha náwn si’áng”, a chita hi.
7 A kambém sungah osié a dim a, zuóu leh nâl tóh a kidím hi,
A lei néiáh khèlna leh thulìmlòuna a óm hi.
8 Khodung gáwllám thu‎òm îsìpna mún áh a dàptou a, mâwneilou khu a thàt zêl hi,
A mìt-hà in mizawng a dou hi.
9 Hûmpînélkâi in a kuò sunga pátsa sáté a dàpngâ bángin,
Mizawngte a dàpngâ khínkhíán hi,
A lênpí kàmsa sungah mizâwngté khu a huóilút hi.
10 Mizáwng khu a hûplút thèina díngin a bóhkhùp a, a kingiémkhièt phuát hi.
11 Pasien in tuami mizáwng khu a mángngìl in a ngáituò a,
Pasien sahmêl kiphuolmángsàn mukiathei malmal lòu dîńgin a tuót hi.
12 O, Tópa zuong híng thóu ìnlen, na bânzâl híng zâhdoh ìnlen,
Kingièmkhiètpa khu híng mángngìl sí’n o.
13 Migilou in bangziéha Pasien a simmaw ahiei?
Ama’n a sinlâi sungah Pasien tûlmaw sì’âng a chi zíuziáu hi.
14 Khèlna leh gènsiétna na muzóuta a, na enzóuta hi,
Na khùt sunga na sankia(requite, return, avenge)theina dîngin a zawng khu na kûngah hing kipelût heh, Nangma paneilou panpi na hi.
15 Migilòute leh mikhélte bânzâl bantán in aw,
A khélna zousie sûidoh sieng in.
16 Topa pên kumtawn kumtawn adînga Lêngpa ahi,
Lawkite khu Ama lênggam sungpan in a mángthâita uh hi.
17 O, Topa kingièmkhiètte deigawna na zâhpièh zóuta a,
Nangma’n a lungtángte úh na siempiéh dí:ng hi.
Na bíl in amaúte kikóuna na zasah dí:ng hi.
18 Kibawlgenthéite leh paneilòute tungah thû a khen dí:nga,
Tuachiin léitungmi in a bawlgénthèi nawnlou nadí:ngin.

La No.11
Tópa tungah ka gínna khuòm bang ka phutdèn a,
Lênmuol khûp in lâukhá, vá bang lêngmangta’n ci si’n aw e!
2 Migilòute’n hiémzàh phut in, a thálte kuòita u’e,
A tháltángté toh sinlâi siengte kâplia dîńgun a kuòinêmta uh hi.
3 Suóngphûm khu chîmkhêta leh aw e,
Mithudíhte’n báng a báwlthèi dí:ng uóilé?
4 A biéhinn siêngthou sungah Tópa a buol a,
Tópa mângtouna khu vânt‏úng kânlâ sângsáwn ah a òm a;
A mâitmìt suón in mihing tâté a a khotuo a, a ze-ét khínkhiàn hi.
5 Tópa in mithudíh a ze-ét lét a, hiná:nleh migilòu leh gâlgumnawte a huó hi.
6 Migilòu túngah lênthâńgte, kâtsuong(brimstone) leh meikuongpi a khièh dîńga,
Khopihûi se mama in a sêmmangta dîńg uh hi.
7 Thudih Tòpa in thudih thumá:n a ît a; sinlâi siengte khu a mâimit in a suón chimla
vangút hi.

La No.12
Tópa aw, ei panpi in, mithudih ómta síh,
Migin-óm zóng mihing táté lah ah a puátà hi.
2 Michìn in, a innvêngte uh kûngah bangmalòu chinteng a lêl u’a,
Lungsim kûlthúh kop kuòkawm in, kam leh muâ nâl in thu a gên uhhi.
3 Tópa in kam leh muâ nâlte a âttán dîńga,
Kilétsahthûte gênnâ lêi khu a âttán dîńg hi.
4 Amahaw’n ‘Ka kam leh ka muâ uh toh ka suóhta dîńg uhhi’ a ci u’a,
‘Ka kam ka muâ kou’a ahi’ a ci u’a, ‘Kòi e, kóuté túngâ tuong ? ci’n a kilétsah uhhi.
5 Mizâwng kigénthèibáwlnâ mi-ngâu kâ leh mâunate theita’ng, túin leh, ka thoukhe
dînga, Keima’n ka vêngbit dîńga, a simmàwte apátìn ka kâidóh dîńg hi.
6 Tópa thûté khu thusiengthou ahia, méikuong sunglâi a, dangkâ sagîvéi kihá:lvá:m
siéngsét bàng ahi.
7 Tám khanghóilòu lah a pánin, Ò Tòpa amaté vêngbít inlèn,
Ò Tòpa kêm táwntúng in àw.
8 Migilòu pên a kipâhtàwi ciengin amaúté a thangpha mama leng uhhi.

La No.13 18/Nov/2007 12.00 O’clok
O, Tòpa bangtàn néi mángngíl dîńg ahiéi ?
Kùmtàwn âdíng ahiéi? Bángtàn na mâimìt beng bàng na sêl di’éi màh?
2 Bángtàn ka hlagáu túngáh ka kihênêm di’éi àw e?
Bángtàn ka dougâl ka túngáh a tuong di’éi âw e?.
3 Ei khotuó ìnlen ka kikòunâ áw éi zâhpiéh in àw.
Ka phâimìt hing tângsah in aw, tuáchiâ néi báwlpiéh síh léh,
Mìtsînna khuô áh sîna ka tuóhkha dîńg hi, Ò ka Tòpa Pasièn.
4 Ka dougâlpa in, ‘Ama khu ka nuòinétzóutà hi’ a chi kháh sángin,
Ka thúmna pen gimnam tui bángìn éi sânpiéhtà nàw in,
Éi génthèibáwlté’n ka liêngvái chiéngin lâm bang a kipáh u’e aw.
5 Hinánleh, na khotuòna lum báng ka suong zíng hi,
Na hútdàmna ziéhin ka sínlâi lâm bang kipâh hi, Tòpa.
6 Tòpa’n ka kúngtúng áh phátna zóúsíê a’ng buòh sùh a,
Tua ziéhin zailá ngàitèng tóh Amá ka pâtàwi dîńg hi.

La No.14 18/Nov/2007 1.05 O’clock
Mimâw’n sinlâi sungah, ‘Pasién óm síh hi’ a cizóutà hi.
Amáte khu a muòt ahi u’a, mûdâhuoi nâté a tóng zóutà uhhi,
Silhói bawl kòima khatbêh a òm síh uhhi.
2 Pasién thèi leh sûi a òm éi ci’n,
Tòpa in vântúng sâng pànin mihing táté a ensùh hi.
3 Làmhlàng tuónpíl ngén ahita uhhi, a ûnpí un, a buasiengtá uhhi,
Silhòi bawl koima khatbêh a òm sih uhhi, khatbêh zóng òm váwt sih hi.
4 Tàwnkhièlté’n lungsim a néi sih uh amah?,
Ka míté tânghlâ nêh bángìn a ne ziéu u’a,
Tópá min hêmthéi bángin a lóu ngái sih uh hi.
5 Pasién pen khang thudih toh omton ahiziehin;
Amate pen zâuna toh a kidim uhhi.
6 Liengvâipa’n Topa hlîm bang a bêl ziehin,
Ama’ thuhil nangin na nûisat ziéu hi.
7 O,Israel hutdamna khu Zion sung pan a,
hing kipandoh ahi chi khu thei chiet unlen,
Topa’n a mite saltanna uh a’ng sûtpieh chienginleh,
Jacob a kipâh dînga,Israel a lungdam dîng hi.

La No. 15 18/Nov/2007 1.08.00 to 1.35 P.M
O,Topa na biehbûh sungah koi a buolthei dîei?,
Na muol siengthou tungah koi a têng dîei?
2 Dihtaha kalsuonpa,dihtatna toh nasêmpa,
A lungtang toh thudih lêlpa,tamte ahi uhhi.
3 A lei toh migênseloupa,a innvêngte tunga silsie bawlloupa,
A innvêngte hâmseloupa ahi hi.
4 Topa gîngte zânapepa;nanleh a mâimit suon toh migilou musitpa,
Ama’ kisietbawlna zieha phubâ lâhsawmloupa,tamte ahi uhhi.
5 Summêt sâng vâlkâi a,hawmloupa,
Mimawl tunga noptuomna laloupa,
Tamteng zousie bawlpa khu a kisulohzou vawtsih dîng hi.

La No.16
Ei kêm in Topa, aziehpên nang tungah ka ginna ka’ng ngam hi,
2 O! ka hlagâu in, ‘Nang ka Topa na hi; ka phatna a’ng kuonna na hi’ a chi hi.
3 Lei a om misiengthoute,mihoipênte amate tungah ka nopna zousie a om hi.
4 Koizong pasien nuadel,amate sisan kithoina ka pom sih dînga,a minte uh zong
ka nephu in a lou tuonsih dîng hi.
5 Topa khu keima gamluo phalkhat leh keima dawnna khuot ahia,nangma’n
ka goutan dîng na koiching hi.
6 Gam nuom leh mun hoi na gamgiteng kei’a dîngin a kigîtta a,
Gou siengthou ke’n ka nei hi,aw nuom sâm e!
7 Thuhoi ei hilzou Topa phat va’ng;
Zân lâi a,salêng ka tuon chiengin
Ama’n ka khuttu in lampi ei hil hi.
8 Ka masangah Topa ka pangsah zing dînga,
Aziehpên Ama ka zietlang ah a pang a,kei ka tawn sih dîng hi.
9 Tuaziehin,ka lungtang a kipâh a,ka loupina a nuomzouta a,
Ka pumpi zong lam-etna toh a kitawldamta dîng hi.
10 Nangma’n keima hlagâu gawtmun ah na nuasie sih dîng a,
Nangma misiengthou zong muotna na tuohsah sih dîng hi.
11 Nangma’n hinna lampi nahing kawmu dîng a,
Nang opna ah nopna bukimna ka ngâ hi,
Nangma zietlang ah,nopna tawptheiloute a om tawntung hi.

La No. 17
Thudih kikouna khu dawnpieh in,O,Topa,
Kam leh mua zuou lou patsa hing pawtdoh,
Ka kâna leh ka mâuna na bildaw inlen ei zâhpieh in aw.
2 Ka thuoh dîngte nangma sieng pan in hing suoh hên,
Tan bang kimna na mâimit in suon zing hên.
3 Ka sinlung tui bang sieng na muta a,
Zân in zong na mu sieng a,na theichienta a,
Ka kam leh ka mua pen in khelna tong dîngin na sêsih hi.
4 Mihingte silsep toh kisai nangma thu gênte bangin,
Sumang panin kei nei hundam hi.
5 Na bânzâl khau toh ei tu inlen,
Ka kalsuonnate kipalpualouna dîngin khuom bang ei dou in aw.
6 Ei dawng vâteh chi’n na min mal bang ka’ng kou e,O,Sienmâng,
Na bil ka sieng lam ah hing ngat inlen,ka hâm ei zâhpieh in.
7 Vâng mu bang nei ngâina ni bang tângsah vawi in aw,
O, nangma ahing ngamte khu a dougâl zatamte patsa in,
na bânzâl ziet in na huhing hi
8 Na mâimit suon chimla’n ei en ve’n,Topa
Na hlalîm nuom neiah nga bang lêng va’ng ,Sienmâng
9 Ei gentheibawlte patsa’n,sang bang a’ng thâ sawm,
Ka dougâl huosete patsa’n.
10 Amate pen ki-uongsahna toh kidim uh ahia,
Tungsûnni bangin lûn hai e,chi’n tong lêl den u’e.
11 Amate’n a’ng kuolkipzouta u’a,
Lukûn in a mâimit uh kei langah a’ng suon pheita u’e.
12 Humpi nêlkâi sahing dugaw bangin tuachi’n,
Humpinou bangin nêh dîng buh in,
Mun îsip lahah a dapvâh kawikawi hi.
13 O,Topa zuong hing thou inlen,agilou khu thalpaisuh in aw,
Gilou-na nâmsâu patsa’n ka hla hing hundam in aw.
14 Mihiemte nangma khut pansa’n, O Topa,
Tami sietlei a mihiem gouluote pansa’n,
Na goumanpha phuòl toh a sung a lâi na dimsahte,
Tá leh nâu toh a kidimta u’a,sildangte pen nâusênte díngin na henpieh in.
15 Kei vângin,thudihna in na mâimit ka suon let díng hi,
Nangma toh kibanga ka khahlaw chiengin ka taita díng hi.

La No. 18
O, ka thahâtna Topa ke’n na’ng ît va’ng e,
2 Topa pen ka lumsuongpi leh ka kulpi ahia,
Ama ei hundampa ahi,ka Sienmâng ka tha,ka zung,
Ka kibâtna; Ama khu ka muong dínga,
Ka suohtâtna kí leh ka khuompi ahi.
3 Lam bang pâh thei,Topa mal bang ka kou va’ng,
Dougâl zatamte patsa’n siel bang ka suohta díng hi.
4 Sìna lummei bang a’ng zîng e,
Sien theilou sîngta zatamte’n
Ka lâukha zil bang líng u’e,
5 Meidíl in kâmmei bang ei bawm e,
Gàtháng in ei kham e
6 Sinlâi mei bang a zín chiengin,Topa mal bang ka kou a,
Sienmâng aw e, chi’n mal bang kou ing e,
A biehbúh sungpan in ka aw a zâkhie hi,
Nâu bang ka kâna,A bil in ei zâhpieh h.
7 A lungthahna siel bang lien e,
Simlei zil bang líng,luòi bang kivei,
Tâng suongtawphate zil bang kithing e!
8 A kuonâh sungpan khumei siel bang suoh e,
A mua pansa’n kâmmei kuongpi pawtdoh e,
Suongmeihol tawkuong e.
9 Thangvân sângte thal bang a kápkhie e,
A kéngtot nuoi khu simzìn in zêl e
10 Vântungmite tungah va bang tuong e,
Huisi dam sêm tungah va bang lêng e
11 Ama’n simkhuozîng sang bang kibuhna’n zang e,
Khimzîng tûipite Ama puonbûh hibou e,
Khimzîng lummeite zong hi veve e
12 A vângtâng mâi ah lummei zâme, dâi bang theng e,
Thangvân gielpite leh kâmmei âm pimpem,
Bangmalou suohta e.
13 Thangvân sâng lel dawnte patsa’n Topa vânging bangin kikou e,
Sângpênpa’n a aw khu gielpitangte leh kâmmei kuong a guon e.
14 Hi e,a thaltangte a kâpkhie a,amaute a thêzâhta uh e,
Thangvân lâiling kânsâng leldawn panin sepsuh e,
Sang bang tâizâhta uh e.
15 Topa na nâhkuo sungpan a hu pawtkhie in tongluong in,
Simlei tuite leh leitung suongtawpha mîm bang piengsah e!
16 Tung thangvân pansa keima a’ng lâhkhiet,a’ng khiehsuh,
Tuite panin keima a’ng sawhdoh hi
17 Ka dougâl zatamte leh ei hote lah panin
Ama’n ei hundam a,aziehpen, kei’a díngin ka melmate hât sêngtaluo e
18 Ka hamsiet ni in amate’n ei kham den kêi u’a,hinanleh Topa khu ka bitna na hi e
19 Munzâng nunnuom zâu lah ah sang bang ei pui zêl a,
Kei tunga Ama a lungkim a,tuachiin ama’n sal bang ei huhing hi
20 Topa in ka thudihna dungzuiin,lawmman ei sângsah a,
Ka gamtat sienthouna dungzuiin ei guon hi
Na zaidamna in keima ei thupisah hi
36 Ka kêngtotpha na golsah a,tuachiin ka kêngte a kipilta sih hi
37 Ka dougâlte sûlnung ka zui a,muol bang ka khûpzouta a,
ka manthâisah masangsie’n ka kinuale sih hi
38 Thoutheikiata lou díngun ka sâtliem sieng zouta a,
Ka kêngte nuoiah nasing bang ka shie siengta hi
39 Aziehpen,nangma’n dougâl thahâtna kawngga nei gâhsah a,
Keima ei doute khu nangma’n ka nuoinet in na koita hi
40 Nangma’n ka dougâlte ngawng zong nei pie,
Tuachiin ei mudate ka suhmang thei nadíngin
41 Amate aw sângtahin a kikou u’a,a dawng díng koima a om sih a,
Topa kûngah zong a kikou u’a,hinanleh Ama’n a dawnbut sih hi
42 Tuachiin,vutvâi ka suo a,hui mût bep díngin ka sâtguoi sieng a,
Gawllam dunga kituonchîl díngin ka pâikheta hi
43 Mite kidouna panin nei hundamdoh zou a,
Tuachiin lawkite; ka mithei ngai loute,
Makâi in nei siem,amate’n keima na a tong díng uhhi
44 Ka awgin a zâh chiengun ka thu a mang díng u’a,
sîngdangte ka khut ah a’ng ki-âpkhe díng uhhi
45 Sîngdangte a mielsuh díng u’a,
A kibuhna munte u’ah,zâu pum in a om díng uhhi
46 Topa hing zing e,ka suongpi ka patawi hi,
Keima hundamna Pasien khu patawi in om hên
47 Keima phubala khu Pasien ahibou a,
Ama’n mite ka nuoinet díngin a koi hi
48 Ka dougâlte pansa’n ei suohtasah a,
Kei ei doute sângin tungtuong zaw in nei domtou a,
Mihuhamte panin nei hunkhie hi,Nangma’n
49 Tuaziehin,O Topa,lawkite lah ah Nangma ka’ng phat dínga,
Na min zaila ngaite toh ka phat díng hi
50 Hundamna thupi Ama in A lêngpa kûngah a peta a,
Tualeh A thâunupa tungah khotuona a lahta a,
David tungah zong a lahta a,tualeh a hlâh a suonte tungah
kumtawn adíngin a khotuona a lahta hi

La No. 19
Tunglam thangvân sângte’n Sienmâng loupina lam bang pâh e,
Thangvân kânla sângsawnte’n a thupina langsah u’e
2 Ni sim in,a tongluon vânzawl lâiah,zokuom bang thâwn e,
Zân sim in,a sinlunggil va bang phawng e
3 A awgin kizâhlouna hâm leh pâu mawngmawng om nawn si’e
4 A hlâh a suonte’n simlei zêlta e,
A tongluonte’n simlei mong zêl e,
Amate sungah tung sunni puonbûh suong e
5 Moupa cinthu zîngni tâikhuovâl gilbu-al langmâi lang bang e,
Tâihât zîngni kitâidemna lâm bang pâh bang e
6 A sûlheina cin thangvân mong pat mong in zêlsuoh e,
A heina a lênna cin simlei gûl bang vielkuol e.
A hu sua huikhi bang lângin,sim leh thangvân lang e
7 Mângpa dânpiehte sim bang kim e,hlagâu a hleng a,
A thupuonte pêlngai vawt si’a,mipilte a mawlsah hi
8 Mângpa dânpiehte sîzawl bang zang e,
Sinlung lâm bang pâhsah e,
A thupiehte damtui bang sieng e,phâimit va bang pil e
9 Mângpa lâuna sîtui bang sieng kilkel e,khuom bang kip den e,
Mângpa thukhennate sîzawl bang zang e,sûnni tâng bangin dih zing e
10 Hima e! tahaw pen ngûn izaw!, ngûn tah siengzawte sânga
kideigawzaw ding hi e, khuoizu leh khuoibâl sânga hlumzaw zong hie!
11 Tua bân ah,tamte in na suohpa a kithuhil a,tualeh tamte
a kizûi leh nuomman lienpi khunah a om hi.
12 Koiin a khielna a theithei diei mah?
Nangma’n ka dap tawnkhielnate panin ei siengsah in aw
13 Mawna liente patsa’n na suoh ei humbit inlen,
Huoisetaha,tawnkhielte’n ka tungah nuomtuol hing tuonsah si’n aw,tuaciin keima dihtat ta va’ng in,tualeh tawnkhelna lienpi patsa’n kei pen mawnabei in hita ve’ng
14 Ka tongluonte,ka sinlâi sung kûlphûm tongluongte, na mâimit
suon in sum bang ît tahên, ka tha,ka zung,ka hundampa O,Mângpa.

La No. 20
Simlei buoina dawn bang na tuo ni ciengin,
Topa’n hlim bang nang sung a,
Jakob Sienmâng min in lum bang na’ng sungta hêh
2 Biehbûh panin huna ei hlâh in aw,
Zion tungtawn in ei hâtsah in aw
3 Na sillat zousie theizing in aw,
Nang’a dínga kihâlna sillat na sâng in aw,Selah
4 Na sinlâilung a om bangin ei guon in aw,
Na togndam lêl khu guo bang ei khieh in aw
5 Na hundamna lâm bang pâh va ung e,
Tualeh,ka diellapte uh Topa min in khâisâng va ung,
Topa’n na nget zousie na’ng peta hên
6 Topa’n a thâunûlsa a hundam hi,cikhu thei inlen,
A vân siengthou mun panin a kikouna aw a za dínga,
A khut zietlang toh ama hundam va
7 Mi kimkhat in lêngtâi(kângtalâi) a ngam u’a,
Kimkhat in sakolte a ngam u’a,
Hinanleh,koute’n ka Topa uh ka Pasien uh min theizing va ung
8 Amaute a pua u’a, tuoltang dênna’n a kineita e,
Hinanleh,eite pen i zuongthou kiata u’a,
Sia khuom bang i kip denta uh e
9 Ei hundam un Topa aw,ka liengvai ciengun
Kumpipa’n ei dawng paita hên.

La No.21
Aw,Topa lêngpa’n na bânzâl khau a kipahpi díng a,
Na hundamna sungah kinâhpâh ve’n izaw !
2 Nangma’n ama lunglâi gulte tuoiguo bang na khieh a,
Tongdam luonsiem a’ng luon a,na sieng a,
mîmva bang a’ng thûmna khu na îh sih e,Selah
3 Nangin guolzawlna hoi zousie na guon a,
A lutung ah,ngûn siengthou lukhu na khusah hi.
4 Na kûngah nuntâtna mîm bang a’ng thûm a,tuaciin na pie a,
Damsawt kumkhuo zong a’ng thûm a,na na pie hi.
5 Na hundamna sungah a minthanna a lien a,
Zâtâtna leh loupina ama tungah na pie hi.
6 Kumtawn a díngin,a vânglien pên in na siemzou hi,
Na sahmêl toh ama khu nâhpitahin lam bang na pâhsah hi.
7 Topa pen lêngpa’n a gingta a,
Tuachiin Topa thupipên khotuona zâlin ama a det zing díng hi.
8 Na bânzâl zeitha in na dougâl zatamte a nuoinet díng a,
Na bânzâl ziet in nangma hing mudate a zou hi.
9 Na he chiengin amate meiphuol kileh na suohsah díng a,
Amate khu Topa in a valtum siengta díng a,
Meikuongsie in a kâtum siengta díng uhhi.
10 Simlei zatamte panin a hlâh leh a suonte uh,
Mang bang na mangsah díng hi.
11 Na tungah silsie a’ng bawlsawm u’a,
Sitheina vanzah toh a’ng thâsawm vâng un,
A lawching thei tuon sih uhhi.
12 Amate kâp dínga,na thaltangte na kuoi ciengin,
Amate zâu in nangma’n kinuaheisah vâteh,
13 Nangma bânzâl hâtna zâlin,nang kipâtawi heh,
Na thahâtna ka phat díng u’a,zaila ngaite toh ka’ng phat den díng uhhi.

La No.22
Aw Sienmâng ka Sienmâng,bangdi’a sang bang nei tâisan e,
Bangci a, gamvângla mun a om a,na panpina nei khieh lou e,
Nâu bang ka kâ,ka mâuna zalou namah?
2 Aw,ka Sienmâng sûnni tân ciengin nâu bang ka kap a,
Hinanleh, nei zâhpieh sih a,
Zânkhuo sawt ciengin zong ka sip zou sih hi.
3 Awle,Nangma Siengthoupa aw e,
Israel pâhtawinate nangin na ngâ zing aw e.
4 Hima e,ka pu ka pate’n nang gingta u’a,
A ginna uh na tungah a’ng ngam u’a,
Tuaciin nangma’n amate na hundam hi.
5 Nangma kûngah nâu bang a’ng kap u’a,
Tuaciin na na hunkhie a,
Amate’n na’ng gingta u’a,na buoizâhsah sih hi.
6 Hinanleh,kei pen mihing hi nawn si’ng,
Lungnou bang bep ka hia,mihiemte etsat ka hi giap a,
mihingte musit hita’ng e.
7 A’ng mu sunteng in ei nuisat a,ei ensan ta e,
Lusu kawm un,a leisan pimpemte toh hici ei gensie uhhi.

8 Ama’n Topa a gingta hi,tua ziehin Ama’n hundam na ve’n,
Ama khu a mâimit suonlana ahia,Ama’n hundam heh.
9 Hilehzong,ka num sûl sungah pat ei na suohsah nangma na hia,
Ka nu nawitui ka tawp lâiin nangma’n kinepna nei guon hi.
10 Ka nu sûl sungpan a na tunga ei kingam ahia,
Ka nu gilsung pansa a,keima Pasien nahi tabou hi.
11 Buoina leh gentheina nâita,ka kûng pan gamla si’n aw,
Azieh ahileh,panpi díng koima om sih e.
12 Bawngtang tampi’n gawlpal bang ei îm kîmkot ta u’e,
Bashan bawng hâtte’n ei kuolkumta u’a,ei buoisahzâhta u’e.
13 Humpi gilkiel sa dugaw bangin a kam kâh u’a,
Ei êhmal nuom ziehun a hâwh vapom uhhi.
14 Damtui bangin ei kibota e,ka gu ka tângte kisongsolawita e,
ka sinlung khuoilu zun bangin ka ning sungah zun siengta e.
15 Hlêngkam gawtâ bangin ka zaitha gawtâta e,
Ka lei in ka khahlâng a liehtou e,
Sina vutvâi khu lah ah nangma in ei pûi cie.
16 Se-uite’n gawlpal bang ei ûmta u’a; migilou hon in ei îmkuolta u’e,
Amate’n ka khut leh ka kêngte sunta u’e.
17 Ka gu ka tâng zousie ka gên maithei a,
Ei en pempom u’a,mithla louin ei dugaw et uhhi.
18 Ka puonsilte kituin phun a sân u’a,
Amahaw’n a tehteh in a kihawmta uhhi.
19 Aw, Topa kei ei gamlât da in aw,
Ka zaitha na hi,ei panpi díngin hing kinaw ve’n aw.
20 Nâmsâu patin ka hla hundoh inlen,
Se-uite lah pan ei hundam in aw,kei ngai nang
21 Humpi te sina kam patsa’n ei huhing inlen,
Sakol kîkhatneite patsa’n ei hundoh in aw.
22 Ka u leh ka nâute kungah na min phuongzâh va’ng in,
Mihonpi kikhopna ah nangma hing pâtawi va’ng.
23 Topa zâute aw,ama pâtawi un,
Jakob suonte aw,Ama tawisâng unlen,
Israel suonte aw,Ama gîng un.
24 Liengvâite liengvaina ama’n a ensan sih a,tualeh a ho tuon sih a,
Tualouin zong,Ama mâimit liengvâite suon ngamla díngin zong a koi sih hi.
25 Mihonpi kikhopna ah nangma ka’ng pâtawi dínga,
Ama gîngmite tungah ka thuchiemna ka pe díng hi.
26 Zaidamte’n a nêhkhop mu díng u’a,
Nêh leh tâh kiningching neiin,a lungtai díng uhhi.
27 Simlei ninglite’n theizing uh henlen,Topa langah kiheita uh heh,
Topa mâi ah namchin zatamte bie bang kûn chietta uh hên.
28 Lênggam khu Topa’a ahi a,Ama pen namchin zatamte lah a Uhpipa ahi.
29 Simlei tunga sî bang nuite nâu bang tai va un,Topa khu amaute’n be va uh,
Topa mâiah leivui tuolpuong a kipawite khu Ama bie in,a kûn chiet díng u’a,
Koima’n ama hla a son in a hingsahthei sih díng hi.
30 Suon khat in Ama nâ a sêm van in,Topa mâiah khangkhat in a kisim díng hi.
31 Amate hing pei va un,a mipite tunga Topa dihtatna khu,
Piengsawm momnoute kûngah kihil heh a chita uhhi.

La No.23
Mângpa khu kei ei cing, ka belamcingpa ahia, kei kitasam vawt si’ang,
2 Louhing dawngte pouna mun ah,keima sang bang ei kuolsah a,
Damtui sieng veina mun ah ei kitawldamsah hi.
3 Ka hla a damsah kia a,a min lawi bang thanna díngin,
Ka pheiphung suon, sizawl bang a zangsah hi.
4 Sina kuomthûh gawllam pheiphung ka suon zongin aw,
Sina gîng si’ang
5 Ka dougâl zatamte mâimit suon díngin,
Ningzu âisa toh nei vâhkham hi,
Ka simlu gimthâu namtui toh a nûl a,
Ka hâi ningzu toh a dimlêt hi.
6 Simlei tung tâng bang damsung in,
Na khotuona leh na phatna khu tung sûnni bang tâng zing va’n,
Mângpa sâuhlîm sungah nunnuom limnga bang lâm denta va’ng.

La No.24
Simlei tunga asung a om namci zatamte, nuntâtna nei leh neilou cintêng Tung
Lûnmâng’a ahi
2 Amate pen tuipite tungah ama’n a na phut a, tuizînte tungah a na tung hi.
3 Tung Lûnmâng lênmuol tungah koi a kâthei diei? A buolna siengthou ah koi a dingthei
diei?
4 Bânzâl tui bang sieng nei leh sinlâi sieng pâi bang kuo, a hlagâu khangthei hût sang
bang sûilou leh hlagulloupa, zuoutah a ciemtui neloupa khu ahi.
5 Ama’n Lûnmâng guolzawlna , tualeh a hutdamna Sienmâng panin thudihna a ngâ dîng
hi.
6 Tami khang pen nangma sang bang a’ng sûi khang ahia, na mâimit suon cimlou khang
ahi,O Jakob, Selah.
7 Na simlu thel bang thousah ciet unlen, nou sielkotte leh kumtawn dawngkotte
kângsah un aw, thupina lêngpa hing lût ding ahi.
8 Koi e, thupina Lûnmâng ? Lûnmâng khu a hât leh a lien a, dougâl nanna ah Lûnmâng a
lien hi.
9 Na simlu thel bang thousah ciet unlen, aw,nou sielkotte leh kumtawn dawngkotte
kângsah un, thupina Lûnmâng hing lût ding ahi.
10 Koi e, thupina Lûnmâng ? vângtungmite Lûnmâng?, Ama thupina Lûnmâng ahi,Selah.

La No. 25
O, Lûnmâng na siengah ka hlagâu ka’ng domsâng e,
2 O, ka Sienmâng nangma ka’ng um hi, mâizum ei pe si’n aw,
Ka dougâlte ka tungah lêngsah si’n len, ei nuoinetsah si’n aw.
3 Nangma sûnhâi bang a a’ng ngâh pouma in zumsuo si’n aw,
Ziehbei a tawnkhielte bou zum uh heh, Sien aw.
4 Na tuonglam zotna ei hil in aw Lûnmâng, na gawllam zuina ei hil in aw.
5 Na thudih lam ah sizawl bang ei zawl inlen, ei hil in aw,
Ka hundamna Siengmâng aw na hi cie,
Nangma lim bang bel in, sunni ka mang hi.
6 O Lûnmâng nei khotuonate leh nei hepi-lungsietnate lou bang tul ngai lou ahi.
7 Ka khangdawng hunlâi a ka tatkhielnate leh ka mawnate khu nei khotuona zâlin leh na
phatna ziehin ei mêlcipi si’nlen na theizing si’n aw, Lûnmâng.
8 Lûnmâng khu a hoi leh thutah ahia, tuaziehin,
Ama’n mimawte khu tuonglam pûi dîng hi.
9 A zainêm khu thukhenna ah a lampûi dînga,
tualeh Ama’ tuonglam a hil dîng hi.
10 Ama thuciemte leh thuhilte nâu bang pomte pen Lûnmâng khotuona leh thutah a
tuonglam ahi den ding hi.
11 Na min manmawna dîngin, ka khelnate zatamte tui bang ei siengsah in aw, Lûnmâng
12 Lûnmâng sum bang bepa khu bang ci bang e? ama khu a deilam bangin Ama’n a hil
ding hi.
13 A hlagâu a dâidam dînga, a hlâh a suonte’n simlei kuom bang a luo ding uh.
14 Lûnmâng thugosie khu ama zâute siengah a om a, a thuciemna a lah ding hi.
15 Ka awna lênthâng katlawm ka khut leh kêngte ei sûtpieh dîngin,
Lûnmâng mâimit suon cimla’ng e.
16 Liengvâi leh hesuo ka hi, na mâimit ei suon inlen, hekhuo ei tuo in aw.
17 Ka sinlung buoina siel bang lien e, guomthûh ka kiehna leh
ka gentheina panin ei kâitou in aw.
18 Ka kongkuo, ka nat ka satna ei theipi inlen, ka tawnkhielna zatamte
ei ngâidam in aw.
19 Kei dougâl zatamte ei theipi inlen, ei gumhuotna uh pen siel bang a lien a,
ei mudâna uh pen gamhuoisie bang va-iâh e.
20 Aw, ka hlagâu na hlahlîm ah buolsah inlen, hundam in,
nang ka’ng upna khuom bang kip e, ei mâizumsah si’n Sien aw.
21 Na sienga ka kingap ziehin, thumânna leh thutahna in ei damsah heh.
22 A buoinate zousie patsa’n Israel, hundamdoh in O, Sienmâng.
By Philip Thanglienmang

Rising tone at the end of the syllable indicates Nominative case Pasién= God
Level tone indicates Possessive or Genitive case Pasiên= of God

GLOSSARY OF ZO-ENGLISH
âisa=poetic form.meat,flesh.
amahaw=they
awhlia= suffocate to death, die of entrapments.
bân= declension of bâng. smeared, filled.
bântawi= khutlâi, vanzah. instruments, tools, weapon.
batphulapa= avenger, one who takes revenge.
baw kalâu= that which is torn into pieces.
bawlsete= persecutors.
belamcing=shepherd
beng= pâi, kawng. basket.
bottel= torn into several pieces.
buolna= opna. dwelling.
damsung=life time,days of life.
Damtui=poetic form(pofo). water
Dawng=Tender,Young
dawngkhawn= thawn. echo, resonate.
dihtatna= zuoulouna. integrity.
dougâl=pofo.enemy,foe
duoisah= nêmsah. soften, weaken.
gâlmuongpa= one who is at peace, peaceful person.
gâlmuongpa= one who is at peace.
gâthâng= thâng. snare, trap.
gawllam=pofo.path,route,track,street,lane.
gie= mul. plume, feather.
gimthâu=fragrant oil.
gumtatna= huoisetatna. violent dealing
gumtatna= violent dealing, wild behaviour, tyrany.
guomthûh = kietheina lei thûh. ditch, pit.
guomthûh= deep pit.
hâi=cup
hesuona= trouble, suffering.
hingzing= everliving, eternal.
Hla=Soul
hlîm= shadow, shelter.
hoipa=one who is good.
hote= those who hate, haters.
huongzawl= camp, compound. clutch.
kâitoupa= one who lifts up or raises up.
kam= kuoi, kiging, sie. bent a bow or lay a mine.
kangthal= thal. bow.
kânkot = kot. door.
kânkot= door.
khawkip= sudet. establish firmly.
khelna= gîtlouna. wickedness.
khotuona=mercy,kindness.
khuttung= hand.
kibutna= refuge, shelter.
kûlsîn tanna bântawi= tool for death.
kûlsîn= shina, sina. death.
kuol=lie,rest,relax.
kuolsah=cause to lie or rest.
kuomthûh=deep or dark valley
lam= for, of.
lâm=dance
lawi=buffalo
lawki= pagan, heathen.
lawmlawm= so much, very much, exceedingly.
limnga=pofo.fish.
lou= kou. mention, call.
Louhing=Grass,Vegetation
lunghê= lungthah. angry.
lunglâihe= lugnthah. angry.
lunglâihê= lungtangthah. angry, enrage.
lunglam= cause, wish, desire.
mâimit suon=behold,see,look at
mâimit= mit. eye.
mâimit=pofo.eye.
Mângpa=Lord
mangthâi= mangthang. perish,vanish, extinct.
mângtouna= laltouna. throne.
Miliem= mihiem, mihing. man, human being.
minngainou= sweet name.
mizatam= people.
muolsuong= memorial, monument.
ngâ= rest,lay to rest.
ningzu=pofo. wine,liquor.
nûl=annoint,apply oil.
nuntâtna= hinna. life, existence.
phatna= praise, goodness.
phatna=goodness.
pheiphung suon=walk,go.
pheiphung=footsteps
pilthâng siete= ensnarements, entrapments, snares.
Sang=poetic form(pofo);Animal
sângsawn= sângpên. highest.
sât= persecute, strike, beat.
sâtnên= beat thoroughly, persecute.
sâuhlîm=pofo. long house,house.
selung= lungsim. mind.
si’ang=sih va’ng,i would not
siembawl= bawlte. creation.
siembawl= doing, act.
siembawl= work, work of one’s hand and finger.
siemsa= bawlsa. created thing.
simlei=pofo.earth.
simlu=pofo.head.
simthu= cinthu, thu. word.
sina=death
Sing bang káwi simthu= falsehood.
singunei= migilou. wicked.
singunei= wicked.
sinlâi= lungtang, lungsim. mind, inner thought.
sinlâilung= lungsim, ngaituona. mind, thought, idea.
sinlâimuol= a wicked person.
sinlâimuol= lungsim hoilou. wicked.
sisan lam= for blood.
sizawl= kâitui zawlna vanzah. water pipe.
sîzawl= scooped wooden or bamboo water channel.
sizawl=straigth water pipe
suichienna= inquisition, inquiry, investigation.
sûl= nua, nung. back, behind.
sûlhei= kile. return, go back.
sûlnua= nualang. backside, behind.
sumang= destroy.
sûnni=pofo. sun.
tabang= this.
tâina= refuge, shelter.
tâng=millet.
tâng=shine.
tangthal muazum= arrow.
tatsietna = khelna. mischief.
Tatsietna= iniquity.
tawkuoh = sâikuoh, khutkuoh. dug, digged, that which is dug out.
tawnkhelna= gîtlouna. iniquity, wickedness.
tawnkhielna= gîtlouna. iniquity, transgression.
thangvân= vân. heaven.
thanna=of fame or popularity.
thudihna= thumânna. righteousness.
thukhenna= thutanna. judgement.
thuneina(right)
thupieh= thuhil.command, order.
Tonsiel bang sât= persecute, illtreat, oppress.
tonsiel= ton cienga siel kigou, siel, sawmsiel. mithun.
toukuoh= khutkuoh, sâikuoh.dig.
tu= belam. sheep.
Tunglûnpên=Tungnungpên. Most high, Almighty
tunkot= entrance, entry, gate.
vângkâi= zieh, san. cause, reason.
vântuol= heaven.
zatam= tampi, nempi. many, plenty.
zatam=pofo.many,multitude,plenty
zûi in= tawn in. according to, as per, in a manner.
Zuo Sienmâng= Lord God.
zuongthou= thou. rise up, wake up.

Radio patsa Smartphone(Radio to Smartphone)

2009-04-06T00:56:00.001-07:00

By Philip Thanglienmang,
DANICS,
B.E(Civil Engg Ist class), M.A(Linguistics)

Ei leitung mihingte’n tulaia sil zahthei, zâhthei, muthei, ettheite leh khawlsiem silte pen ahi mawng dingin i ngaituo u’a, koite na ngaituo ahia, koite’n lungsim tampi seng a, a na mukhiet leh puohkhiet uh ahiei? , chi pen i tuot vatêhta sih uhhi. Tâitheina, lêntheina mesinte a na op masang in i pu i pate un, kammal a zah chiengun, leitung tawpna chi kammal na suo leng uhhi. Leitung tawpna kichi pen hei sung a na hi diei chi pen koima’n a genchienthei nawnta sih hi. Bangzieh e? i chi leh, khantouna leh khanletna toh kizuiin, mun chin leh gam chinteng ah mihingte, a ut ut un, a tungtheita uhhi. Thuthang saite leh limlahte patsa in TV leh cinema ki-etthei ziehin leitung pumpi(khovel) a silpiengte, siltungte i kâ nêu sungah i enthei zieu ta uhhi. Tu hun chiengin leitung pen khotanêu(hamlet) bangin a kingaisuttheita hi. Manghâm in global village a kichi a, ei hâm in, leitung khotanêu chithei ahi. Bangzieh a? leitung khotanêu kichithei ahiei ? chi thute enton vai. Tam thu leh la toh kisai a i gelkhawm dingteng pat ma-in, khovel, limlahna ah kipan lei kichien pen dingin ka um hi. Kum 1824-28 kikâl sungin Nicephore Niépce in tulai a, limlâhna(photography) hing kipatna; heliography a na bawlkhie hi. Amasapen in, ama’n suongphêng tungah gamlim a na tussah hi. Tuazaw in, sumsan tungah lim a na kilangsah hi. Sumsan sanga hoizaw chiin siakâng tungah lim a na kilangsah hi. Tua hunlai a limlahna a na siemkhiette pen hun sawtpipi ni ni ni thum nisa in a na kikhawsah ngai hi. James Clerk Maxwell, Scot mipilpa’ n Michael Faraday na mukhiet electromagnetism tungthu thûhtahin a na suikhie a, kum 1873 kum ‘Treatise on Electricity and Magnetism’ lâibu a na suo hi. Michael Faraday ngaisutnate(ideas) bulphu in, ama’n kum 1855 kum in lâigiel khat na suo hi. Tuami a laigiel sungah, electric(khawlmei) leh magnetic hute(effects) taitheina huikhuo(medium) limguong(model) khat a hilchien hi. Kum1888 kum in, German mipil Heinrich Hertz radio hute(radio waves) a na mukhie hi.Hertz in radio hute a na mukhiet a kuon in, Italian mipil Guglielmo Marconi pen tuami radio hute suichienna lam ah a na lunglut mama hi. Ama’n a na ngaisut pen bangchi leh, gamlapi a om mite khat leh khat kihoutuona in a kizangthei diei? chiin a lungsim a sinsim na huolhuol hi. Radio hute toh kisai in, bagnchi leh, mun gamla tandong radio hute zangin huikhuo ah kihoumatna a piengthei diei? chiin, etkhietnate tampi vei a na bawl zaw in, kum 1897 kum in Guglielmo Marconi in wireless telegraphy a na bawlkhie a, tua na kuon in, ngâithei radio na khanglien in, Europe leh America gam ah, thuthang zâhsahna, thu poimawte phuonna a na kizang let hi. 1872-1877 Stroboscopic disc toh limte a banban in na ki-enthei pan hi.1884 George Eastman photographic film na siemkhie hi. 1877 kum in, Thomas Edison in siakâng phêng kiviel(tinfoil cylinder phonograph) tungah mihing aw( ‘Mary had a little lamb’) na khum masapen hi.1885 Chichester Bell leh Charles Tainter in phonograph zat nina a siemdoh gel hi. Tuami mesin pen Graphophone na kichi hi. Khuoikhep tungah a lam a kigit hi. 1887 kum in phonograph zat thumna Emile Berliner in na siemdoh hi. Tuami mesin min ‘Gramophone’ na kichi hi. 1887 Thomas Alva Edison in motion picture camera patent na nga hi.1888 Thomas Alva Edison in khuoilumei lum tungah lim na khumlut sawm hi. . 1894 Guglielmo Marconi in kum 20 a chin kum in radio tangthu na siem hi. Ama’n a tenna khuo Bologna, Italy ah radio masapen a na siemdoh hi. 1895 France gam ah, limpia(Motion pictures) mipite’n na ki-ensah masapen hi. 1897 Ferdinand Braun in TV kapna kizang; Cathode Ray Tube na bawldoh hi. 1907 TV limlahna in Cathode Ray Tube na kizang panta hi.1923 TV kapna picture tube; Iconoscope na kisiemdoh hi. 1927 Al Jolson telna limpia hamthei masapen ‘The Jazz Singer’ na kibawl hi. 1927 Mipil John Logie Baird (August 13, 1888 – June 14, 1946) kichipa pen khovel a, TV na siemdohpa leh na podohpa ahia, ama’n color TV kilangthei masapen zong a na siemdoh hi. Kum 1927, Baird in London patsa’n Glasgow mêl 438(750km) gamla in TV limlahna na bawldoh hi. Glasgow Central Hotel Glasgow ah TV na tungin, na ki-enthei hi.1928 kum in John Baird in limpiate leh a aw kikhumtheina mesin a na siem hi. 1929 Vladimir Zworykin(USA) leh Manfred von Ardenne(Germany) in cathode ray tube a na siemtou uh a, electronic telivision ah a na zang uhhi.Thuras loudspeaker 1933, from AT&T Archives1930 Bing Crosby in radio tungpan in ‘I Surrender Dear’ kichi la khat na sa hi. 1930 bul lam in, TV limlahna etkhietna tampi na kibawl hi. 1936 London khopi ah Television lahna masapen na om hi.1938 Color TV lahna George Valensi in na pokhe masa hi.1945 America(USA) gam ah TV 7000 sanga tawmzaw a na om pan a, station 9 maimai na om hi. New York ah 3, LA leh Chicago ah 2 tuoh, Philadelphia leh Schenectady, N.Y ah khat tuoh na om hi. Scott phonautograph Mary had a little lamb on engraver 1888from before Edison Edison tinfoil cylinder from Gramophone Berliner recordingon lateral groove Kum 1970-80 tandongin ta bang kammal pen na kiza ngai na lai hi. bawm bang a lien Radio na kingai zel hi. Leitung khanlet dungzuiin, radio pen a’ng neu deudeu a, 1990 tan in transistor radio neute ngen a na kizangta hi.India gam sungah 1996 kum tuom in Mobile handset golte a’ng khanglien mama hi.Tua hun laiin, Delhi, Bombay, Calcutta leh khopid dangdang a têng, mi hausate beh in, a na nei zou giap na lai uhhi. Delhi Government ka zop kum 1997 kum in Sub-divisional Magistrate(SDM), Chanakyapuri sub-division, New Delhi District mun ah ka na tou hi.
Tami New Delhi district pen India gam sunga milien milalte tênna mun leh gam ahi. India sunga Member of Parliamentteng tênna ban ah India gam uh milien milalte opna mun ahihi. Delhi. Kumpi in kou SDM zousie Airtel Handset Mobile khat chiet ei na pie uhhi. Tua hun laiin, India gam sungah mihausa tahtahte loungal in mobile handset a na tawizou sih uhhi. Tua ban ah, mobile handset mawngmawng a tawm in a na tawm na lai hi. Kum 1997 kum vel in, India gam sunga mobilete simta lei pen 10,000 zong pha lou ding hi. Mi hausate vanzah maimai danin a na kituot kawi hi. Tuachiin kei pen hing eimite lah a, mobile handset zang masapen khat ka suoh hi. Tuachia hun a’ng peitou zel toh kizuiin, mobile handsette a’ng pung sêmsêm a, minautangte zahthei leh tawithei dingin a’ng kisiemta hi. Mobile handsette zong a’ng neu deudeu u’a, a’ng mel lawm deudeu u’a, tu hun chiengin, a neu a lien in, ngahnu tangvalte’n Fashion bangin a’ng kitawi chiet dêmdûmta vanuh hi. Leitung kikhêl kin mama na sa sih uh amah? Kei mu danin vang leisiet tunga mihingte electronic vanzahte pen ani ni’a kikhêl danin ka mu hi. Ngaituo vawi uh tah, kum 1850 kum dongin ei mihingte zahthei vanzah bil a ngaithei mawngmawng bangma na kisiemdoh nai lou hi. Tuni’n eite’n i ette uh, i zahte uh, i mute uh, i tawite uh, pen bangchi banga na kingaituo ahia, bangchi banga mipilte’n na ngaisut u’a, na puohkhiet uh ahiei? chi pen tuotkhah dingin zong i gelta sih uhhi. Mobile phone tawizouloute pen a changkangloute china a suohta mawh hi. Tam zong eimite kisietna vanzah lienpi khat a hing pangthei ahimanin, pilvangtah a, zah leh man dingin hoi ka sa hi.Mobile phone guoh genda ta vai, tuni’n bil a ngaithei, zahthei, mit a etthei mobile TV, mun leh muolte etkhiettheina phone lah hi kuom, computer-laptop lah hi zieu!, eima mimal thu leh late, laibu leh lai poimawte gawlna sâlpi(big barn/storehouse) in a kimangthei zieuta hi!. Tuachiin, i pu i pate’n tângmi pil leh phuithei mite a na gengen uh; Pu Galngam in sa chin a na hênlutna theipêng; Galngam theipêng i chi pen uh, tuni’n leitung khantouna toh kizuiin, ei lah ah, electronic silsiemte khanletna toh kizuiin, Galngam theipêng pen Pendrive lim leh mêl in i lah u’ah, melmuthei in a’ng omta hi.Tami Pendrive sungah tanglaia Pu Galngam in gamsate a zaza a, a na thunlut ma bangin tuni’n eite’n thu leh la I neite uh, laibu tampi, laigiel tampite inn dim zên ding khop pen tam Pendrive neu lingleng nou thûl sungah baitahin I guonglut zieu thei lien uhhi. Tuni’n Pu Galngam in tam bang sil omthei ahilam thei leh pen kipah sêngin nuinuita ve’n maw law!.Mihingte pen mobile phone lim leh mel lawm in a kilungkimthei ta sih a, a thatha lam kidei ahimanin, tuni’n electronic mipilte’n mobile phone mawhna(tam) mai dei khopta lou uh, ahi chiengun, a silsiem uh, min tha dingin, Smartphone a’ng chi touta uhhi.Smartphone ban ah bang a’ng om tou kia diei? chi pen i ngaisutthei ding uoi?

GUOTUI KHOLKHAWMNA (Rainwater Harvesting)

2009-03-29T02:58:00.000-07:00

Philip Thanglienmang
DANICS, M.A(Linguistics)
Ei leitung mihingte dinga huisieng leh tuisieng a poimaw mama hi. Kumtawn a tuisieng dawn zing thei ding bangin I ngaisut uhhi. Tuisieng manphatdan theilou mi tampite I om na lai uhhi. Tuisieng pammai dan leh poimawdan theilou in, i mawh buohmang na uh hun tampi mun nempi na om maithei hi. Mi; atawmzawte’n tuisieng pen a tawptheilou, a beitheilou tabangin a mawh tuot uhhi. Mihing hinna díngin i nâna uh; huisieng(oxygen) bân in, tuisieng(fresh water) a poimawpen hi. Luidungte leh leinuoi tuikhûhte khu mihingte tuidawn lâhna a suoh hi. Tuhun chiengin, leinuoi tuikhûhte zong a'ng kihâzah sêngtâh ziehin, a kang sieng ding a kisata hi.Luidung a tui luongte khu khawlsilsiemnate(industries) leh mihingte natoh silbawlte ziehin, a nini in a nieh deudeu a, tuachiin luidung tampite pen dawntheilou a suohzouta hi. Leitung khantouna leh khanletna toh kizuiin, mihingte natoh silbawlte leh silsiemte ziehin tuinêhte, tuinâhte, gundung, luidung, vadung, tuisam pulnate leh leineitui khûhte(groundwater reservoirs) a nini in a nín deudeu a, a nieh sêmsêmta hi. Dawnthei tuisieng omsunte zong dei bangin a kiningchingthei nawnta sih a, leitung mihingte dawn dingin a kichingzouta sih hi. Tui ziehin gâldouna leh buoina tampi hing pieng ngêi va chi a ki-upmaw mama hi. India gam sunga mipilte mudan ahileh, tam gam sungah guotui hing kesuh mawngmawng a sim chiengun, sângtul 4,000 cubic metre a pha hi, chiin a’ng hil uhhi. Tamza lah a panin, selisuosekhat(one fourth) maimai a na kizangthei bep a, a dangteng pen tuikangpi zuon in a luong siengta hi. Tam banga guotui kesuh mawh luon mangte chinna díngin Dam tampi a kilamzouta hi. India gam ah Dam gol 4,500 a om a, dam neute pen tulsawm val bang a om hi. Dawnthei tuisieng Dam tampi toh kikholta mana’nleh zong mihing mising aleli(quadrupled) in a pung zel a, mimal sim a(per capita), zahthei leh dawnthei tuinêh pen a kiemsuh zel hi. A kihisapdan in, dawnthei tuisieng pen mimal sim in cubic meter 6,000 apatin cubic meter 2000 in a kiemsuhta hi. Hichi bang dinmun ahitâh ziehin, mâilam hun ah, mihingte bang a dawnta ding uoi? chia a kingaisutsut chiengin mipilte’n vântung pan a hing kesuh guotuisieng(pure rainwater) kholkhawmna bawl dingin pha asa uhhi. Kum sawmli sawmnga peisa hun sungin mihingte’n leinei tuikhûhte a hâzah sêng taluo man un, a leng(level) a kiemsuhsuhta a, kum khat in, feet 1 apat feet 4 tan a kiem zel hi. Tam banga leineitui khûhte a kiem zel leh pen mihingte hinna zong sietna lam ah a tongkha ding hi, chiin mipilte’n a’ng hil uhhi.Guotui Kholkhawmna(Rainwater harvesting)Khovel a tui sieng penpen chikhat khu guotui ahi. Guotui Kholkhawmna kichi bang e? A phattuomna bang ahia ?, i inn chiet ah guotui i kholkhawmthei diei? Tuachi hita bang leh khumi guotui a sieng nalai diei? Sum leh pâi bangza sên a ngai diei? Guotui a’ng kieh chienga, tuikhûh sung khat a, kizawltung leh kikholkhawm khu Guotui Kholkhawmna kichi ahi. Mangkam in Rainwater Harvesting kichi ahi. Tam guotui pen zahle ding leh leinei tuikhûhte suhdimna zahthei ahi. Vântung apata hing kesuh tuisieng na kikâizawl in, tuihu a lêng mangsah loua, leinei a lutsuhsah loua, pâmmailoutah mantamloutah tualeh mawh luon mangsah loua, mite zahthei dinga, mun kituptah a na kikholkhawm khu Guotui kholkhawmna. I pu I pate’n guotui sieng poimawdan na thei uhhi. Inn a lam chiengun, bihla tui tuhna chi’n guotui tuhna dingin guomkuoh na hoi siem uhhi. Singtanglei; Zolei a na hlaw chiengun guotui kete mama na zang un, haichi leh antelouhingte na chîng let uhhi. Tulai chiengin tuinêh hing hâsat toh kizuiin mite’n guotui zawldan ding leh kholkhawm ding dan ahing ngaituo poimaw mama ta uhhi. Tam silbawl theina dingin mun lienpi ngailou hi. Guotui kete kholkhawmna ding mun golpi poimaw lou hi. Tuikhûh kangsa khat amaw? Leinei a tanki kiphûm amah? ahisihleh leitawkuohte pou zahthei ahi. A poimawpen theiding khu tuisieng a’ng vâng sêmsêm ding ahia, tuazieha tui khêtzahdân leh kholkhawmdân lamsang thupi seding ahi. Bangma zousie Kumpi tungah bangteng kimawh ngap sih vâi. Eima mimal chiet in bangchi leh tui ka kholkhawmthei diei? chia panlâh chiet ding ahizaw hi. I gam sunga tuikhûhte, vadungte, luidungte leh gunpite sungah silnieh leh buate mawh selut sih va ui, tuin a kihêh masangin pangkhawm chiet va ui. Tui kichi pen i theisa mabangun i hinna uh ahihi. Tui na omlou hitamaleh nang leh kei i om diei? chi pen ngaituo dingin hoi ka sa hi. Ei mihingte dingin tui kichi pen tui mawhna hilou in hinna tui ahihi. Tuaziehin, koipou tami kei laigiel sim tapou, u leh nau, tui manphatdân, tui kholkhawmdân, tui zahdân, tui vândân(rarity, shortage), tui poimawdân kiziltha kia va ui.

ZOLÂI GIELDÂN LEH ZAHDÂN

2008-12-26T02:18:00.000-08:00

Zolâi gieldân leh Zahdân

Lâigieldân leh Hâmzahdân Etthâna

By Khai Minthang

Part One

Thupatna:
Ham khat phot in agindan (tone), alawdan (syllable), lomkawmdan (grouping) leh aginlawmdan (harmony) anei chiet hi. Leitung pumpia kithei pen leh a minthang pen English in zong tone, syllable, grouping leh harmony anei hi. Tualeh, vocabulary thu ah zong English in thumal kibang tampi anei a, azahna leh ahina tawh a kigeldan a thei mai diing pawl zong aum hi. English vocabulary ah “Box” kichi pen Noun ah “Singkuong” ahia, verb ah “Tum/Shuthop” china ahi hi. Tuamabang in, eite’n zong thumal khat in agen tampi nei aum hi chi thei lei ahoi diing hi. A thumal geldan isiem leh theithei pai zong aum a, a thumal a ki-theiloute khu a thuguol tawh i et a thei thei diing pawl zong aum hi. Tuazieh-in, thumal kang tahlat zousie a ki-tuohpi (Corresponding) English thumal khat tawh hilchien diing hiing kithawi kahisih a, a tone leh thumal lomkhawmdan ah themkhat ka ngaidan hing kum vang chia hing kithawi kahizaw hi. Zoham pen i ham chieng un a kichien vagua a, igel thaw chieng un khatvei teng abuoi thei valuoi hi. I gel chieng a i buoina pen “Vowel” sung maimai ahi hi. Vowel kichi pen koipou buoina ahimai diing in gingta ing. Tammi Vowel a laimal zousie hoitah a Zoham tawh kituoh a iginsah thei chieng un Zoham geldan ang nuomta diing a, sim zong ang simnop ma mata diing hi. Zolai Vowel Chinglou in Consonant Vaal: I ham pen ipien apat ina zah ahita a, I laigeldan pen khatvei langa hing um ahi nabou hi. Kum 1910 lai in pu Rev. Dr. J.C. Cope in Zolai ang na bawlsah a, eiham zahdan tahtah theilou ahimanin English tawh kituoh in vowel “a, aw, e, i, o, u” chi’n ang na bawlsah hi. Hilezong Zolai igel chiengin vowel guh maimai kizang lou in “a, aa, e, ei, i, ii, aw, o, ou, u, uu” chi’n vowel sawmlekhat a kizang den hi. Tuabanah consonant ni kigawm “Ch” leh “Ng” zong Zolai gelna a kizang gige khat ahi hi.

Zolai a vowel a chinlou ziehin laigelmi tampite’n vowel gindan tuomtuom adeina ziehun a tungtat, a nuoitat, a laitat, a ningtat, a suhtat, a toutat a zang ua, Zolai gel hamsa asuohlaw a, asim zong anuomtuom sih hi. Special character ihing zah chiengun computer leh press te ah gel hamsa asuohlaw a, zong buoilouna diinga buoina kipetawm ibang uhi. Tami ka chi chiengin a grammar lampang ka genna ahi zenzen sih hi. Vowel a buoi sangin grammar hoitah a zui in punctuation mark-te hoitah in zanglei Zolai asim nopzaw diinga, zong adihzaw ahipai lel hi. Zolai grammar leh syntax vai thupi tuomin genzaw vai.

Vowel I kisap mama vang un consonant kisam talawlou inei uhi. Tuate ahileh “J leh Z” “S leh C” “K leh C” “Y leh I” “X leh S” “Q leh K” “P leh F” chidante ahi hi. Tamteng pen Zolai gel chiengin style deina tawh igel pawl zengzung ua, Zolai namanlou isuo zel uhi. Etsn. Xien khu Sien dinmun ah ikoi ua, Qhul khu Khul dinmun ah ikoi ua, Lyan khu Lian dinmun ah ikoi ua, Wai khu Uoi or Uai dinmun ah ikoi ua, Jawng khu Zawng dinmun ah i koi uhi. Semi-vowel “w” leh “y” khu ei Zolai ah vowel u leh i tawh kibang ahilel hi.

Zolai pen Roman laimal apat kiletkhie ahiziehin “a, aw, b, ch, d, e…” chi’a isim dana kizang ahia, English te laimal “a, b, c, …” dana isim dana kizang ahisih hi. Tuaziehin, English te’n I laimal asim chiengun “Nang” khu “Neng” “Hang” khu “Heng” danin asim ua, adih tuon sih hi. Tampen English leh Roman script lawdan (Pronunciation) kibahlou zieh ahi hi. Roman script laimal bulphu a laiteng nei zousie’n Zolai dihtah in asim thei ua, English laimal bulphu a laiteng nei zousie’n Zolai dihtah in asim theisih uhi.

Buoina tawh Kidim “C” Laimal: Kawlgam Zou vontawite’n laimal buoina tawh kidim “C” pen India Zou vontawite leh leitung bupi’n azah “Ch” dinmun ah izang ua, adih zou tahtah sih hi. English leh Espanol laimal ah “C” pen abana vowel um penpen tawh kituoh in a gingsah uhi. “C” khu “a, o leh u” in azui leh “K” danin agingsah ua, “C” khu “e, i leh y” in azui leh “S” danin a gingsah uhi. Etsn. “Cisco” khu “Sisko” in a gingsah ua, “Cingco” khu “Singko” danin a gingsah uhi. “C” laimal “K” a gingte themkhat envai: Cambodia, Camel, Canada, California, Calcutta, Chicago, Congo, etc. Tualeh, “C” laimal “S” a gingte zong themkhat en kia vai: Cisco, Celebrity, Citizen, City, Center, Cyprus, etc.

Zolai i gelna a “C” pen “Ch” gindan a I ginsah leh mite’n I lai a sim dih theisih diing ua, eite’n zong mite laigel asim dih sih diing uhi. “Ch” khu leitung pumpia kizang leh kithei laimal ahi hi. Etsn. Chiangmai khu Zou Vontawi “C” zangte a diingin “Ciangmai” chi’n giel lei mite’n “Siangmai” chi’n ang kisimsah diing hi. “Chicago” ah “C” leh “Ch” kilamdanna thei thei ahimai hi. Chicago, Manchester, Chestnut, Chest, Champion, Charlotte, Challenge, etc. Tamna laimal “Ch” zousie “C” tawh heng in sim lei a gindan dihtah aging thei nawn mawngmawng sih hi. Cicago, Mancester, Cesnut, Cest, Campion, Carlotte, Callenge, etc. chite’n khietna aneisih ua, agindan zong adih thei nawnsih hi. Burmese thumal “Kyaw” khu “Cho” chi’a aginsah utawh kibang ahimai hi. Tokyo khu “Tou+Chou” chi’a ging diingdan ahi hi. Tuaziehin “C” zang a “Ch” a gingsah teiteite khu ama leh ama kisol asuoh hi.

Tuamabangin, “C” pen “Ch” dinmun a zang in “Cingno” chilei mite’n “Singnaw” chi’n ang simsah diing uhi. Cina, ciindan, cidamna, cithu, Bicing, ci-al, ciau, cieng, etc. Tamte pen “C” pen “S” gin a kigingsah ahiziehin Sina, Siindan, Sidamna, Sithu, Bising, Siau, Sieng, etc. chi’a kisim diing ahi hi. Cung, cang, cou, cuan, etc. Tamte pen Kung, Kang, Kou, Kuan, etc. chi’n a kisim diing hi. Tamte pen Pawi leh Mizo lamte laiteng ahideu a, Zomite a diingin “Ch” khu “a, o, leh u” in azui leh “Ch” khu “T” danin aging hi. Etsn. Chung khu Tung, Chang khu Tang, Chou khu Tou, Chuan khu Tuan, etc. chidan ahi hi. Zolai a “O, Ou leh Aw” Vai a Buoina: Zolai giel khatin ithei zing diinguh ahileh “O, Ou leh Aw” khu laimal tuom chiet ahi uhi. “O” pen bangchih hunin “Ou” danin aging ngaisih a, “Ou” zong bangchih hunin “Aw’ danin a ging ngaisih a, “Aw’ zong “O” ahiei “Ou” danin aging ngaisih hi. Tam laiteng thumte khu bangchih laipou a zalentah (independently) a kizang diing ahi hi. “O” khu “O leh Ou” gina iginsah chiengun I laigel tampi agin diing dantah in aging theita sih hi. Etsn. “Potato” khu “Ou” in gingsah lei “Poutatou” chidan asuoh a, “Pawtataw” chi’n gingsah lei zong adih sih hi. “Top” khu “Toup” chidan in aging ngaisih hi. “O” khu “Khopi” chi zahdan ah, “Ou” khu “Zou” zahdan ah “Aw’ khu “Awl in” zahdan ah zanglei adih diing hi.

“Zou leh Zo” Vai; Single leh Compound Noun: English a (Single) noun ichite khu silmin khat china ahia, Compound noun i chite khu “Noun ni kigawm a silmin (meaning) khat siemte” china ahi hi. English ah enlei: Bedroom, Check-in, Full Moon, etc. chite khu compound nuon ahi uhi. “Bed” chi khu independent-tah a um word/vocabulary khat ahia, “Room” zong word khat independent-tah a um ahita hi. Hilezong tamtegel i gawmkhawm chiengun zong ani un vocabulary/meaning khat a siem kia veve ua, “Bedroom” asuoh hi. A gelkhawm dan diing dan (rule) khautah aum sih a, kimat, dash tawh kizop leh kihal a kigel chite in aum zengzung veve sam hi. Tuama bangin Zolai i gel chiengin compound noun in gelkhawm dan diing dan (rule) khautah in a kinei sih a, a kimat, dash tawh kizop leh a kihal in a kigiel veve hi.

India langa Zou vontawite’n “Zou” leh “Zo” khu a kizang tuoh tuoh hi. A kizahdan ahileh single nound leh compound noun chidan in a kikhen taangpi hi. “Zou” khu amatang (single/solo) in a kizang a, “Zo” khu noun khat in a nuazui zing hi. Tam pen English a compound noun (Noun ni kigawm a meaning khat siemkhie) kigel dana kizang ahia, a nuazui (suffix) noun masanga “Zou” aum leh “Zo” chidan a kizang ahi hi. Tam pen English hama exceptional case achi dan ua kizang ahi hi. A dihtah a giel diing hilei Zougam, Zoumi, Zoulai, Zoulei, Zouhuikhi, Zouzam, etc. chi diing hinapi’n Zogam, Zomi, Zolai, Zolei, Zohuikhi, Zozam, etc. chi’n a kigiel zaw hi. A dan theinoppen ahileh I nam min khu amatang (solo) a izah leh ‘Zou’ chi diing ahia, I nam min leh silmin (noun) dangkhat thumal (word) khat isuo (Compound noun) leh ‘Zo’ chi’a zah diing ahimai hi.

Tami exceptional case zangin United Zomi Organization, Zomi Sangnaupang Pawlpi, Zomi Colony, Zomi Villa, Zomi Zion, etc. chi’n ana kizang hi. Tualeh, Zou min khu compound noun a kisuohsah lou a nam min khu amatang (single) a adin leh “Zou” a kizang hi. Etsn. Zou Youth Organization, Zou Laisai Pawlpi, etc. Tunai in tami nam min khu compound noun a zang nawnlou in United Zou organization, Zou Sangnaupang Pawlpi, Zou Literature Society, Zou Synod chite ang kizangta hi. *****************************End of Part One

ZOLATE PATÂTNA (Appreciation of Zo Poetry)

2008-12-19T01:13:00.000-08:00

By Philip Thanglienmâng, M.A(Linguistics)

Zo late chi tuomtuom a om hi. Khenkhat toumunla pawlkhat sannemla, zangtala, lalêh leh adgdg a om hi. La pâtâtna i chi ciengin la khat sunga a gui kichiendan leh dawng khat ah thuteng bangza a om e? chi leh a okaidan, a thutengte kizawitawndan chite i genna ahi. A phuotu min leh khuo, a sepdohte leh a hinate hilcien ngai hi. Tualeh tua la dawngte sunga laphuotu in bang ahing hil nuom ahiei chite khuoltuona ahi. A thu a late sungah hindan, poudan, khosahdan, nopsahdan, gentheidan, dana, kana chite leh adgdgte a tomkim a genkhietna khu La pâtâtna kici ahi.

Tuinle; tam anei La pâtâtna genkhawm vai:

1. a.Khangvâimâng leh tuon a pupa,

Tongciemna kângtui munzâng hi e.

b. Zo Gunpi leh kângtui minthang

A tua tung Zota kuolsung ci u’e.

Apâtâtna 1: Tami la ahileh gamngaila ahi. Pu. Mang Cin Khup MPpu in Zogam a tapna a phuo ahi. Nidanglai a i pu i pate leh Kawlmangte a na kithukimna uh gamgi a genna ahi. Kawlgam zâng- Chindwin leh Kalemyo phâizâng gamte Zo te gam na hi ci latapna ahi. Zogam gamgi pen Zo gunpi-Chindween gunpi apat Loktak tuibêm(dil) tan a china ahi. A gui masa sungah kamteng(syllable) 8(giet) a om a, a gui nina ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi. Tami la pen Zangta la kai ahi.

2. a. Tuizum Mângkâng kîl bang hing khang,

Zota kuolsung zil bang lîng e,

Pienna i gamlei aw phal si’ng e.

b. Pienna gamlei leh i Zogam kuom,

Lal ka naw sansi’n hing zêl e,

Ngalliem vontawi ka lâulou lâi e.

Apâtâtna 2: Tami gamngai la ahi. Agui masa leh anina ah kamteng 8(giet) chiet a om hi. Agui thumna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi. Mangkangte ahing khanlet lai u’a Zogam a pawtpuo mihing ahingmat sawm lai u’a kiphuo ahi. Zote’n a pienna gam uh a it mama zieh u’a mi khut sunga alutsah nuomlouna uh laphuo ahi. Zogâl lâi a, Mangkangte leh Zote huoisetah a a kidouna u’a sisan naisan luonna a kitapna ahi. Hangsantahin ngaltang hat ma bangin a Zogam uh hung u’a,tualeh shina mi tampite’n atuoh u’a, nanleh Mangkangte a zau mawngmawng sih uhhi.

3. a) Zângkhen kawlchieng ka tawi minthang toh,

Sang ka kap lentukuom a zâl,

b) Sang ka kâp lentukuom a zâl,

Na bângkim na’i cin leh tuoi, Na bângkim na uoi?

Apatatna 3:Tami hanla ahi. Agui masa sungah thuteng 9(kuo) a om a, a gui nina sungah kamteng 8(giet) chiet a om hi. Agui thumna ah kamteng 7(sagi) atawpna gui ah thuteng guh a om hi. Tami la pen gamvahmi pasal khat in a thau tawi toh sa khat a tha khu a phuona ahi. A u-a naute’n a tangkim na uoi chia a phuona ahi.

4.(a) I Senam Zolei nunnuom,

Mi lênna’n ka phal lou e,

Pu lênna; tuon Pupa lênna aw e.

(b) Pu lênna tuon Pupa lênna,

Guol toh sang muol ka suona,

Sih vâng e, phal thei sih vâng aw e.

Apatatna: Tami laphuo pen phamsa Paul Gin Za Pao(Sugnu khuo) ahi. Tami gamngai la ahileh Senam khuo midangte’n a kisim lai a kiphuo ahi. Adawng khatna a, agui masa leh anina sungah kamteng(syllable) 7 sagi chiet a om a, agui thumna ah kamteng 10(sawm) a om hi. Adawng nina a, a gui masapen ah kamteng 10(sawm) a om a,agui nina ah kamteng 7 sagi a om a, a gui thumna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi.

5. a. Pâlpum minthang bânzâl suosiem,

Cîn minthang, toh hei lawm e.

b. Ka kotnawl a zuo lunggin aw,

Buollou lâukha ngâi ing aw e.

Apatatna: Tami la tang-ai ahilouleh sa-ai, ton la ahi. Aphuotu in a u-pa lutung a tuhpâl hoi mama asiet a et cienga etlawm a sah thu a phuona ahi. A kot kunglam a et cienga a pa sisa a lungsim a hing kilang, angai mama thu aphuona ahi. A gui masa sungah kamteng 8(giet) a om chiet a, agui nina ah, kamteng 7(sagi) a om hi. A gui tawpna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi.

6.a. Tuoi minthang leh khomuol lumsuong,

Hânzei tawina’n lawm sa’ng e.

b. Hanzei tawina’n lawm sa’ng e,

Sanggiel pawl toh lawm sa’ng e.

Apatatna: Tami hanla ahia, a tapa in kamei gielnei amat a tapna ahi. Khomuol lumsuong dawna mun a, hanla asahna thu ahi. Kamkei gielnei ahing puoh tung zou khomuol suongdaw tung kikou zen a ahatna hanla asah thu ahi.

7. a. Sâumang kânkong ka kalni’n zângni diel e,

Vuisâi luong sing bang lum e.

b. Lunggin teng maciengsuon ta’ng e,

Vuisâi thângmuol ah suo’ng e.

Apatatna: Tami hanla ahia, gamvahmi khat in saipi a thana la hi. Sabeng a kuon saipi lien mama khat a mat thu ahi. Inn a’ng tun hun in ni a tumta hi. A samat pen tuongphei lai ah a siel hi. A hieng a santeng toh a ai-khawm a a nekhawm hi. A gui masa ah kamteng 11(sawm leh khat) a om a, a gui nina ah, kamteng 7 sagi a om hi. Adawng nina ah, a gui masapen ah kamteng 8 giet a om a, agui nina ah, kamteng 7 sagi a om hi.

Dohnate:

Tam anei a late patatna gieldoh in.

1 t0 5 ladawng phuotu Paul Gin Za Pau(Sugnu)

1. Sien toh houlung ka kum a ,

Agin gimnei ka zâh aw,

Kidang sa’ng aw e,

Agin gimnei ka zâh aw,

Kâmmei kuongpi a’diei maw?

En ngamla’ng aw e.

2. Santuipi vûm bang khawl kâl,

Zatam cieului gâlkâi in, Suon heita aw e......

Miriam selungdam kisa’n,

Sî bang nûi in nunnuom,

Lâmtuol saita aw e.

3. Keila piengpan, ‘Zînkol tângsa; sal bang suoh di’n;

Sien aw nang vâng mu bang ngâi vêng e!

Mu bang ka ngâi, tung Lûnmâng aw;

Sênnâu bang ei pom aw Zuonêm aw!

4. Vân sînnuoi a miza piengteng

‘Zîn in kêlsiel bang ei del den e!

Lûnmâng Jesu Sien vontawi in phammawna daw-âi tawi lawm aw e!

5. Tai bang tênna sietlei tunga

‘Zîn-in kêlsiel bang ei del den e!

Zîng ka zinna, Sietlei tuol khie’n;

Thangvân vângkhuo tuong ka tun dîng;

Hâi bang ngâhla’ng e!

HÂMKULMUT(IDIOM& PHRASES)

2008-12-19T01:11:00.000-08:00

By Philip Thanglienmang DANICS, MA(Linguistics)
ÂH BUPSHI BANG= gim mama, thatawl mama,piathawlou.
ÂH NÊLKÂI BANG=thupi,lien,loupi.
ÂH SINKHA BANG A KHÂ=thethuoi,tuimaw,deimawhuoi mama.
ÂH-ÊH ÛI BANG=mihingte atawm vang u’a kithutuoh uh hausa uh, tualeh thuneina nei uh.
ÂHNOU TUIKIE BANG =halmaw mama,hâtmaw mama.
ÂHPA NUPA BANG=kituoh,ki-îttuoh,kithutuoh,omkhawm.
ÂHPI IN ÂNOUTE AHAKÛI A AHUI BANG=enkol,poimawngâi,
kol.
ÂHTAL KHUONSIE BANG=thusie,pâupêng,mi toh kituohlou.
AKÊL LU PHÛM DAWH=a thugûh phuol kipholkhie,ahina tah kilangdoh.
ANÊUPÊN IN ÂH KÂNG CHIE LOM=sil khat poupou mi khat in a satan lawmloupi huoihamtah a,a lom.
ANNJÂNG KHA BANG=tuilou,tuimaw,zâh nuom huoilou
BAWNGPI KIPHIN BANG=thumangmaw,kiphinsie,thununglou.
BELENGTANG KHIEH BANG=thu akihil hil vanga lut lou,tum joulou,thawn.
BELTA BU DU=dugaw,deigaw.
BUIPI AKUO APHÂH KUON A TAWP/KIA=tupna ahilouleh sepna khat pou alawchin kuon a khawlsan,gim sasa
asepgimjou a aga aneh kuon a tawp.
BUI TOHOL BANG=buoisah mama, sugenthei mama, om ngimsah l lou.
CHINTUIGU KANG JÊN A PANG=aneisate teng seng a pang,
hatangtaha pang bembom,tha-leh-zung neiteng toh pang.
DAWI HAVANG KÂL A SUOHTA=zauhuoina mun pana vangphathuoitaha a suohta.
GÂLLU GÎNG A GÂLLU TUOH=pêltheilou sil gênna,mun khat apata kuon a gâlging a atâi leh atâina mun a gâl ana veve,
mawpuohna khat a tâisan leh mawpuohna lienjaw sêm leh gihjaw sêm tuoh .
GOUTANG KILIA BANG=ginsie,lim mama,thanuom mama,kipei lele kawi.
GUOLPÂU DÊHNA ZANG=mi toh kidemna zang,mi dêhna zang.
HÂHKOL HET=gimna thuohsah, gimsah,buoisah,puohgih pie.
HÂUSA I GÊN LEH HÂUSA HINGSUOH=mi khat thugên kigên lâitah a tua mipa hing suoh,thugên khat tângtung.
HÂUSA NGAI LOU HÂUSA= vâihawm ngailou vâisai,thukhen ngailou thukhen,vâîhawm siemlou.
HOULIM SA SÂNG IN TUIJAW=houlimna poupou nuom kisa,kihoulimtuona khu apei lam kithei pah manlou ahijieha sa tui mama toh kitêtuo.
HUI MUT SUONG SE BANG=athugênte,athuhilte khat bil a lut joulou,atuhna dînga tulou,a natoh a thawnsuoh.
INN GUO LEH GAM GUO=innsungmi leh pulam mi, mi kinâîpi leh midang kinâîpilou.
JAWNG HA THEILOU JAWNG HA THEISAH=theilou dîng sil khat theisah,pilsah,
JAWNG IN AMA KHÊNG MU LOU A MI KHÊNG AKAW=ama-leh-ama mîtmawna/mawna/chitlana ki-enloupi mi mîtmawna/mawna/chitlana gên gige,mi ngaw zing.
JAWNG NÊH NGÂU IN SANG=abawl khâhlou silkhat jieha liêuna-pânna tuoh,aliêuna lou dîng mun a valiêu kha.
JAWNG THUOH DÎNG NGÂU IN ATHUOH=pilvanglou man a thuohlou.
KÂMKEI IN AGIEL HENG LOU=abepbep,angaibep,agîtlouna mangthang tuonlou.
KAMKOU MEISIE=gintatloupi a meisi apata meikuong suoh.
KAMSIEM IN SIEL LEI SANG=kampha tawisiem khat in mi lungthah lâî zong alungkimsah thei hi,thu-leh-la gênsiem khat in thu agên leh liêuna mâithei.
KHANGHIM PHEDÊN BANG=kimut tui mama,imut tui sêngsêng in akiphoh leh zong khang thei lou.
KHÂU SÂU SÊNG KIKÂI-AWH=thu-leh-la akigên sawt leh buoina pieng.
KHUOILI TE NUPA BANG=nupa ki-ît mama,kituoh mama na asep uhleh sêmkhawm,anêh uhleh nekhawm,atou uhleh toukhawm, adin uhleh ding khawm kigênna ahi.
KHUOIPHÂNG BANG=lien,gol.
KHUOIPI HÂNG BANG=lungthah mama,thangpâî mama.
KHUOIVA DE BANG=na sêng mang lou,gâûnat.
KHUOIZU HUM BANG=lhum,hum,tui,lim.
KHUOL HOL LEH GIP HOL KITUOH=deidân kibang leh ki-îtte gênna ahi.
KHUOI SIM/SUTE’N ALIEH UHHI= natong leh nasêmte’n aga themkhat bêh ane têitêi uhhi.
KHUOLZIN SALIEM ZUI IN PANG SI’N=mi khuo ah va lîp sêng si’n len tua khomite va subuoi kawi si’n apiehpieh uh toh lungkim mai in.
KHUTNUA KHUTMA LIEH=zuoutat,gin-omlou,lepchia,lepchie.
KIGÛLLÛH=kidaphou,kidapkup,agûh a kimu.
KIKHÂUPHE NGAWNG DOT=kisim huotbawl.
KÎ-LEH-NEI BANG=kingâî mama,kituoh mama,ki-ît mama,
kilungsiet mama.
KI-UI THUONG HUP=dih leh dihlou en lou khuol lou akipawng panpi.
LAWI NÂH SA BANG=thununsah bai lou,thumansah hasa mama.
LAWISIH-SIELSIH A SI= ût leh ûtlou omlou a pâubawl têntun.
LIENDOU LEH THANGHOU MÎM TANGKHAT KIPHALHAWM BANG=ki-ît mama,kingâî vatun,kilungsiet
sêngsêng.
LUITA SUA LEH BÊLTA PHÛL BANG=huoisie mama,gum mama,
om ngimtheilou.
MÂI DAWNG BANG=hoi sepsop,ngêh sepsop,khangdawng mama.
MAWNG BANG KIKAWI= ki-ît mama.
MI KHUT A GÛL HING MAN=mi lepchia leh ngiansiem(chalâk) ama bawl tânga mi bawlsah,bangma tong pei lou a mi tohsa leh sepsa ngam kigênna ahi.
MI MU MASA HA MU MASA=eima sânga tâjaw leh piljaw kigênnna ahi,upa.
MITHAHTE NUPA TUNGTUON KITU BANG=kidemna,kidêhna gênna ahi.
NÂNG HIEM BANG=pil,khel,taima,hât.
NÂUPANG KÂNG KÂ BANG=sil chinteng mawh diegaw,deigaw chinteng mawh nei sawm.
NÂUPANG PÂPE DEIGAW=amanphatdân leh ajieh theilou a sil khat poupou mawh deigaw,mawh âm.
NÊHLOU DÎNG VONGGA KA KEI LEH MAH=lunglut tahtah loupi a sil khat avabawl leh tuitum joulou,ama toh kisai lou sil khat avabawl leh hasa mama sa thalkiadoh.
NELOU DAWNLOU NEPHU BUON BÂNG=
NGAL HAPÂ BANG=gînhuoi mama,hât mama,lûn mama.
NGALTA LEIKOU BANG=mimawl kamtam gênna,kisuhkhâhna simtham lou ahivanga na tham,thu nêunoukhat apata thuhuo-
isie suo, na mama.
NGALTANG HAPÂ BANG=gînhuoi mama,hât mama,lûn mama
NGÂU MÂI KÂNG BANG =mêlsie mama,hoilou.
NGÊNTANG TUMSUH BANG=kinuale nawtalou,lunglut mama,
lutthuh,lutzang.
NGÊUNOU TUO
PASAL ZANG LAWNG KHÂI=mi pasal ching khat china.
PAT NÊM BANG=thunuom,zâînêm.
PENGLAM ÂIKUO SAW BANG=zuou,akilawmlou sil khat pou dugaw leh deigaw.
PENGLAM SAKHI MAT BANG=sil khat theichien loupi a vâîsai mawh,hamva,tâpva,tupna bei,lunggêl bei..
PENGLAM SHU THEI=zongsang,sil khat athei vânglah khat tuden bawl dendon,bawl mielmuol
PHEISAM BIE NA BAH=abul lam a hâusa leh nuomsa mama tawp
lang a a’ng vângsete kigênna ahi.
SAKHI THAT LOU NGALTANG TUM=a kalvâl a sil khat poupou nei sawm muna neilou pi a ,gari hoi nei sawm,thakhat a hâusat mawh sawm,bawl joulou dîng sil tum.
SANG-ÂH BUHTOM=innsuong dudah lou,hindan dudahlou..
SANG-ÂH PALAI=mi zuou,lepchie.
SAPÊNGKÂ=Ha ka a kap,nah ka.
SAWMTANG KHAT ZUNTE=innsung khat a mi khat aminsiet leh innsung miteng a unpi u’a minsie uh.
SAZUH KÎ PUOH= amin maimai a apuoh.
SIEL GUO THUOH A THUOH=hasa nanleh, genthei huoi ma nanleh zong thuoh pâupâu thuoh tinten.
SIEL IN TOT LEH NÊH ATHUO=hoisa mama ahivanga gênsie gawp thop,gênsiet leh nêh athuo.
SIEL KOT KÂNLA BANG=mâitâng joulou,lawching lou,piching joulou.
SIEL NÂH SÂ BANG=chîl hasa,thumanglou,thunung lou.
SIEL SHINUA SIEL DÂI KÂI BANG
SÎ-LEH-BÂL BANG=kituoh mama,kithutuoh mama,ki-îttuo mama.
SUMKUONG CHIENG PÊ=sil khat athei leh hasuo nuom nawnlou tutâh den,lungsim kiheng theilou,kikhêltheilou kigênna ahi.
SHITHU NAM JÊN A PANG=ha pan a pang,kithakhêtlou a asepna khat a tangpan a pang.
SUONG TUNG A TUI SUN BANG=dêulou,thumanglou,gênte ngâilou.
TAGA NAWI MU BANG=nêh khâhlou mu khâh lou sil khat athei chienga akalvâl a ne mu sawm.
TALTÊNG(TANGTÊL)SITAN BANG=lungtom,lungkhawh,
hiemngam gênna ahi.
TAWM TAWI NGAILOU TAWM TAWI=vâihawm ngailou vâihawm tuachia vâihawm siemlou.
TEMBEI A NGAWNGTAN=mi khut a bang khatpou mat sawm ahisihleh tha sawm.
THASIE HUL DU=nasêm peiloupi a,sa tuitui du,nasep kukal loupi ann tuitui du.
THASIE TÊHSIE TANGDEN=tehsie nasêm joulou banga nasepna apata kihemkhe mang,nasepna apata kilep mang.
TO-U BANG A PANG=mi khatpou khu anêu vânga pang têntun,
lunglien.
THUPHA IN KOTBIENG KÂN LOU=Thupha leh thuhoi khu mite’n ajâh chiengun agên gênsawn ngâp khol sih uhhi.Thuhoi leh thupha gênsawn hasa kisa hi.
THUSIE IN MUOL KUO KÂN=Thusie pên mite’n ngâinuom in khat jâh khat in ana gênsawn pai hi.Tauchiin akithejâh bai mama hi.
TUI BANG KIGAWM=kichimat,kitêng,kinung,kithutuoh.
TUI BUOHSA LUOKIATHEILOU=Hun peisa kilekia theilou in thu kikhêlsa bawltha kiathei nawnlou.
UI MEI KHUP BANG=meipuoh,meidawi,jâu mama.
UI SUMLU=zumna bei a sil khat mu sawm,neisawm,nêhsawam.
UIMAW GAMSU BANG=tâpva,tupna neilou a mawh pângva.
UIPI MÂI A SAGUBAW KILIA=tâ,jawl sawm.
UI SHI A SHI=zumhuoitah a shi,mi mawhna banga shi.
UM TOU=tou muong,bangma ngaituona khawh neilou a tou muong.
VÂI LAH ZUNTHAH BANG=apanna bei,lungsim sunga mi thugên khatbêh zong lut lou,lunglut lou.
VAKHU TUINI BANG A KILOM=kihawmthaw mama,kikhuoltuo.
VAPHUOL MOULA=mou deisahtah k hat pui,mou pui.
VÂUPA BANG A PÂ=ngou mama,êm setsot,pâ phingpheng.
VOHPI MÂI A SUONGMANPHA KILUI BANG=sil manpha khat amanphatdân theithei lou.
VOHPI NGÂH MANG NGAILOU=numei hoi lungching leh anua ama khuolzingte in khiel ngailou.
VOMPI SA HAWM=a hâmjoupên leh athahâtpên in satan tam akitan a,midangte pên anêu nounou atangsah hi.
ZU-LEH-SA NEKHAWM=kipawlthei,kilawipawl,kichimat.
ZU-LEH-VA HÂM NGÂI=khongâi,lung ngaituo.
ZUN-LEH-ÊH SUOH=pannabei,mahthah,mangthang.
ZU SHI VA SHI A SHI=shi ginalou a shi,gamtum.

TANGTHU GIEL(STORY-WRITING)

2008-12-19T01:07:00.001-08:00

1.Ni khat, naupang khat a belamte ching in loupa gamlah ah a kuon hi- Ngie a mu leh “Ngie,Ngie” chia kikoi dingin a kihil hi-Belamte ni tampi aching a-chimtahhuoi a sa mama hi-ni khat chiemmui kibawl in ‘Ngie,Ngie’ chiin a kikouta hi-a khomite a hum dingin ahing kikhawm uha ahinlah Ngie a om sih hi-naupangpa’n amaute a nuisat lel hi-akhomite lungthah uh-ni khat kia leuleu tuabangin a chiemmui leh-akhomite’n amapa ngaisahta sih hi- pawlkhat in atahtah hiva chiin ahing del u’a bangma a mu lou bepun tua naupangpa avuo uhhi-ni khat Ngie ahing pei tahtah ta hi-Naupangpa zau sengseng in,a o neisun toh ‘Ngie,Ngie, ei panpi uaw u-le-naute chia a kikoukou vangin-a khomite’n a ngaisahta mawng sih u’a -tua Ngie in belam tampi ataw a that hi.

2. Mi mang hausa khat in pawibawlna thupitah khat anzalui bawl hi-zin leh lêng tampite ahing zou uh-ngabenhmi khat in nga tuituoh mama khat ahing puoh hi chiin asawltahpa in apu a hil-mi mang hausapa’n a nga man pie in chiin thu a pie hi-asawltahpa a man ahileh zakhat vei elduongsat a chi-mi mang hausapa’n chiemmuina hiva chi-ngabengmi a hlan a, thu theichien sawm- adihtheita amapa zong nuom-ngabengmi in elduongsat sawmnga vei a daw khinkhian-khawl un a chi-ka lawmpa khat a kimkhat ka pieh ding a om hi- Koi e?-mi mang hausapa vanpopa- Bangziehin?-akimkhat a pieh sih leh lut phalllou-vanpopa’n amapa[ngabengpa] ahing lut kuon in a na kham lai a a kichiemna uh-vanpopa kihlanlut in elduongsat sawmnga vei ki sat-zin leh lengte nuiza uh- mi mang hausapa’n ngabengmi lawman sangpi khat a pie hi.

3.Si-al khat in luigal langkhat lam a, ai khat om mat sawm-bangchi mat ding e? chi ngaituo hi- sangawnsang kungah phaitawn luigal langkhat ah om a chi a-sangawngsang kipahman in ama puohsawm-luigal kan uh-si-al in ai khu khawng zouta-sangawngsang buoisah sawm-loupâng lai lah ah ha khuon in ahing khuongzah-khomite’n sangawngsang mu uh-chieng toh a vuo uh-sangawngsang in luidung tu suh-si-al kitawm in a ngum tungah a tupai sangawngsau in lui a kan lai un si-al in bang dinga tabanga a nei buoisah e? chiin a dong- si-al in ann ka kham zaw chiengin kei ka khuongzah let a -sangawngsang in kei zong ka ann kham zou chiengin ka kisil teitiei hi-chiin luitui sung ah a tumsuhta a-si-al pen luitui sungah a kelum dihtah-Moral lesson: na tuga na at ding.

4. Topi khat in numei khat khuolzin gamlah ah athat-atahsa aneh lai in asana tauchien amu-akoi ching- tuikul pang khat ah akiphuol-
tuikul pang ah khuolzinmi khat tui vot kisil sawm-thakhat in nathel bawh lah a kisel topi amu-zausi-jauthawng-topi in aw nemtahin ahoupi-ama mipha misiengthou thunget hat-deisahna jiehin sana tauchien apieh sawm -khuolzinmipa khu alungsim sungah huoihamna ahing dim ajauanteng beita di-sana tauchien la dingin tuikul akan-topi
in ana humsammat pailien athatta hi-Huoihamna khu shitheina ahi.

KIHOUNA(DIALOGUE)

2008-12-19T00:56:00.000-08:00

KIHOUNA
(Dialogue Writing)
Kihouna kichi mi ni kihoulim china ahi.
Kihouna na giel chiengin na lungsim sungah alangnini in mitegel thugen dingte khuoltuo masa in,mi ni kihoulim mabangin kilahsah sawm teitei in.Kihouna na giel chiengin anei thute khuoltup in:-
1. Athusim kihoutuona ding u h ngaituo masa inlen kaht gen ding bang,akihoupipa gen ding bang e chite tuot masa in.
2. Tam thute akilawmtah in guol tuo inlen mite kihoulimna apata hing pawtdoh bangbang in gielsawm in.
3. Na lugnsim sungah amite tuot inlen bang agen ding uoi chite tuot inlen ahina uh toh kituoh i n athute gensah in.
4. Na kihouna gieldohte khu atawpna lam ah atahtah banga kisim theina dingin khuoltupkia i n. Laibu sunga thutengte hajah si’nlen mihingte kihou chiengua ajah thutengte jah sawm jaw in.
5. Mi khat ngentang in thu gensah si’nlen mi jousie hun pekim chiet in.
A kihoulimna khu a tatlou in luong dîldiel sah in.
6. Mite akihoulim laitah u’a a sutan mi kimkhat um let ahia, tam pen kihouna ngaina dan akilang sah hi. Ahunhun chienga guonlut zel ding a hoi hi.
7. Mite akihou chiengun lungsim phawnna chite anei let u’a tamte pen atawmthei banga guonlut let ding ahi.
8. Kholaiham(colloquial) i zah leh zong hamzahdan dih a zah ding ahi.
9. Kihouna khu lungluthuoitah a pat ding ahia, atawpna ah athututna(conclusion) tah khat a atuh ngai hi.

ETSAHNATE:-
I. Naupang ni khat alungsim neu bai mama khat pen alungsim khau mawh lungneu bai lou;
NP- Lalpu hing pei in bang khuchi lungman seng angai sih hi. A hasatdan ka’ng theisiem pieh mama a, ka’ng puohnatpi ahi. I lunggim a bang e i law thei kân ding asih am ?
LP- Hima e! Nangpu hileh zong nang pen mi hampha na hia,
tutungin na pass pailien a bangma na phawh khol sih hi. Hinanleh kei’a dingin aniveina ahijiehin hasa kasa mama hi. Kei dinmun ah um lachin zong nang zong na kipah khol sih ding hi.
NP- Na gen dan ka thei siem mama hi. Akia chiengleh hasim in na sim dinga na passit sawm teitei sih diei? izaw lawm. I pu i pate’n a na gengen uh na mangngil ta amah? ‘Khatvei lamhlang tuon khiellou koi a om diei?’ a na chibou sih uh amah?
LP- Lamhang tuon khiellou lah hi sing a,ka vangsiet jieha tabang dinmun a om zel ka hi bou hi,Nangpu.
NP- Vangsiet zieh chi si’n Lalpu ka lawm bangbang hitaleh a kia chiengleh kukaltah in pan bembom inlen hi lachin na lawching ngei ding hi chi ka gen ngam hi.
LP- Tu kumsung mawngmawng ka vangsietna ngen in a dimlet hi. Amasapen in kum kimsuh gei in ka dammaw mama a term khat sung mawngmawng ka mansuo tang hilhiel mawh hi. Tualeh, ka exam ma deu in ka it mama ka pa ahing shi phut mawhta hi.Tua zieha ka sim dingteng zong sim man lou a hichi hita’ng e, Nangpu.
NP: Awle, na thugente ka ngaikhiet leh na vangsietnate ka jata a tuin ka theichien ta hi. Ka’ng puohnatpi mama hi Lawm. Hinanleh zong a kia chienga dingin hoitah in kiging kia inlen hi lachin na lawching ngei ding hi chi ka hing gen sawnsawn hi. Na lungsim hoitahin kingaituo inlen panlathakia ta in.
LP- Bangma phattuom si’a keipi avangsie mawng a pieng hileng kilawm bou Lawm,na khat pou ka khut toh ka tuophot nahleh lengmang sieng uh hileh kilawm.Scholarship muna dingin hun bangzavei ka seng tadiei? Ahi’nlah midangte’n mu gige uh,kei’a ding hilou mawngmawng hiva. Bangma ngaituo zou nawn si’ng lawm, sepai khat ka tum thei leh kitumta vang.
NP- I pu I pate’n Zolei a na hlaw lai un lungkelou in a na hlou let u’hi.
Doupi nisa sa leh zong, huipi lang leh zong,sa leh gal hang leh zong a na pang tentun uha tuachiin neh leh tahte a na nei thei uhhi chi thei lei hoiva ka chi ahi.Tuinleh, na ma-ah kum khat sunga om nalai a, na lungsim neiteng toh leh na thahatna teng toh sem tinten lachin kum tawp chiengleh aga na lou ngei ding hi, Lawm na lungkesah malmal si’n.

LP- Nang banga lungtang khau hileng hoiven! Hinanleh zong nang hawnthawn dungjuiin tu kum pen hoitah in bawlsawm kia ta vang ka vang etna in.
NP- Ha! tuabang lugntang akhula pasal tahtah in anei ding.
Na vangsietna na chite tukum in na sumangta ding hi chi ka gingta hi.

DOHNATE:
1. Laisim kukal mam naupang khat leh ki-apmaina lam a lunglut mam naupang ni kihouna gieldoh in.
2. Singtangpa khat leh zanggammi khat kihouna hing gieldoh inlen singtanggam a hoidante, a nopdante leh zanggam hoidante leh nopdante hing pulah in.
3. Sepai khat leh summetbawlpa khat kihouna hing gieldohin?
4. Pen leh pensil kihouna hing gieldoh in?
5. Humpi leh simbeng tângthu khu kihouna in gieldoh in?
6. Mittaw guh te’n saipi a thamna uh kihouna in hing gieldoh in?
7. Naupang ni in amang uh agen chiet uh kihouna in hin gieldoh in?
8. Michippa leh misiempa kihouna gieldoh in?
9. Mesi leh khauphe kihouna hing gieldoh in?
10. Zu: ahoina leh ahoilouna kihouna gieldoh in?

ZOŢAWNG TIHCHANGTLUN

2008-11-27T23:45:00.000-08:00

By Zohmangaiha IRS
I.Thuhma: Kum 1995 Mizo Academy of Letters Foundation Day thupui ziak tura ruat ka ni hi ka lawm hle rualin ka huphurh hle thung mai.
ZOTAWNG THIHCHANGTLUN tih thupui hmang hian Paper puitling emaw, lehkhabu emaw hial pawh kei tehlul pawh hian ziak tham ka hre ve awm e. Mahse, chutian chu kan thupui thlangtute tum dan a ni lo tih hriain, thupui sawihona atana sihhawnna ang chauhvin kimchang lo takin ka han ziak dawn a ni. Chuvangin, heta ziak bak pawh hi zau zawka sawihona hun zalwn tak kan nei turah ngai ila. Amaherawhchu, chawhnu hun chauh nei kan ni tih inhre rengin, thu hlawm thlur bing bik deuh hlek neia ngaihdan leh pawmdan mumal tak kan pawm tlan theih kan hrual mum thei chuan a hlawkin a ţangkai hle turah beisei ila.

II. Zotawng: Kan thupuia “ Zoţawng” tih hi “Mizo ţawng” tih aia hman min phalsak avangin Mizo Academy of Letters Executive counvil chungah ka lawm a. “Mizo ţawng” tih aia “Zoţawng” tih hman ka duh deuh kherna chhan tlem lo tarlang ila:-
(a) “Zoţawng” tih hi a hawrawp a tlemin, thumal pakhata ziak theih a ni hi a remchang zawkin ka hria.
(b) “Mizo ţawng” kan tih ţobul hi Lusei ţawng emaw, Duhlian ţawng emaw niin a lang a. “ Lusei” tih hi Sap hovin “ Lushai” tiin min ziak sak avangin kan ram ngei pawh kum 1954 hma lam chuan “ Lushai Hill” tia ziak a ni ţhin a. Kum 1954 a District Council kan lo neih khan “Lushai’ tih aiah “Mizo’ tih chu hmangin “Mizo Hills” “Mizo District Council” te kan lo nei ta a. Kum 1972-a U.T kan lo nih khan ‘Mizoranm’ tih chu kan lo hmangin kum 1987-ah ‘Mizoram Stagte’ kan lo nei chho ta zel a. Chutiangin , Mizo State chhunga Zo hnahthklak chengte chu ‘Mizo’ kan inti uar chho ve zel a. Hetih lai hian Mizoram pawn lama kan Zo hnahthlak unaute erawh chuan ‘Mizo’ tih chu ‘Zo’ tih ai chuan pawm tlan harsa an la ti zawk hle rihin a lang a. Chutichuan, Nomenclature chungchangah lungrual tlanna tak kan la neih thei hma pawhin, Zo hnahthlak tam zawkin kan pawm tlan theihzawk tur nia ka beisei ‘Zoţawng’ tih hi ‘Mizo ţawng’ tih hi ‘Mizo ţawng’ tih aiah ka thlang deuh zawk a ni.\
(c) Zo hnahthlak ţawng pengte(dialect) hi ţawng puitling(language) anga khaikhawm nan ‘Zoţawng’ tih mai hian a huam zau berin a remchang berin ka ring a. ‘Zoţawng’ hi Tibeto-Burman ţawng(language) zingah telh a ni a. Zofate’n A, AW, B ka neih hma kum 20-a lehkhabu ziak “Progress of Coloquial Exercise in Lushai Dialect of ‘Dzo’ or Kuki language by Capt. Thomas Herbert Lewin (Mizovin Thangliana kan tih mai), kum 1874-a chhut chuan Lusei ţawng chu Zoţawng(Zo language) peng pakhat (dialect) angin a ziak a. Dr. Vumson pawhin a lehkhabu “Zo History” ah chuan (phek 20naah) Zo hnahthlak zatve aia tamin Lusei ţawng hi kan hman tawh avangin Zoţawng(Zo common language) atan pawm loh thei a ni loving tiin a ziak bawk ani.
(d) “Mizo ţawng” ema “Zoţawng” kan tih tak mai hi Lusei emaw, Duhlian ţawng ziding mah ni se, a hlang lo hle tawhin a rin theih a. A bikin ţawng upa leh hla thute ngat hi chu Zo hnahthlak ţawng dang- Pawi leh Hmar leh a dangte aţanga chhawm hi a ţhahnem tham hle ang.

Hengte leh chhan dang ţhenkhatte avangin Zofa hnahthlak ţawng tualleng atan “Zoţawng” tih hi hman tlak tling chho thei tura tihchangtlun dan kawng dap chak a hun hlein a lang a; chuti lam chu lo hawi dawn tawh ila.

III. Zoţawng tihchangtlun: “Tihchangtlun” tih hian tihhausak, tihchangkan, tihhmasawn, tihţhanlen, tihphuisui, tihkimchan leh tihfamkim te a huam thei vek awm e. Chuvangin, “Zoţawng tihchangtlun” tih chuan Zoţawng awm sa vawn him leh hman zaite, ţawng thar chher chhuah belh zel leh mumal nei zawka ţawng dang hawh te a huamtir thei ang a. Hengte hi a hlawm hlawm a phawkin I lo thlur bing dawn the ang.
(a) Zoţawng a awm sa vawn him: “Zoţawng” awm sa tih hian Duhlian ţawng ţobul leh ziding te , Zo hnahthlak ţawng dangte, hnam dang ţawng hun reitak ka lo hawh tawh te leh ţawng thar chher chhuah hnam pum huapa hman lar tawh te a huam turah ngai ila. Hengte hi tlema thliar sinin lo luh chilh denden ila:
(b) (1) Duhlian ţtawng ţobul leh ziding: Hei hi vawn him zel a duhawm hle ang. Tunlaia hmman, lar tawh loh, ţhangthar zawkte’n a awmzia pawh kan hriat fuh tawh loh leh hman dik tawh loh a ţharhnem fuh tawh awm e.
Hengte hi vawn him nan hman uara tihlar thar leh hi “Zoţawng” tihchangtlun nan a pawimawh hle ang a. Amah upa C.Sangzuala ţawngkam takin, ‘ui din’ a ţul a ni. Hengte hian ţawng upa(Idiom&phrases) te, upa ţawng(ţawng un leh ţawng hlui)m, kum upa zawkte;n an la hman ţhin te chu a huam ang a. Entirnan, ‘chhia ţha’ leh chhiatni-ţhatni’ tih te hian a chhe lam chauh an kawk a. ‘Keng’ sawi nan ‘sin’ tih te, ‘Buh’ sawi nan ‘fang’ tih te, nak tuk tuk leh tih aiah ‘katip’ tih mai te, zah vanga awmdan theingilh sawi nana ‘khuai’ tithe leh a dang dagte hi ‘ udidin’ hram atan a duhawm ngawt mai.

(2) Zo hnahthlak ţawng dangte: Sawi tawh angain hla thu-ah Zo hnahthlak ţawng dangte hi Duhlian ţawng kan tih maiah hian a ţhahnem fu a; ţawng upa kan tih ang chi pehi hi chu an ni deuh vek emaw tih mai tur a ni. Lusei pa a han lunglen tak tak emaw, thupui hlapui a hna vai tak tak dawn chuan Ţiau ral lama an lo khawsakkhopui Zo hnahthlak dangte ţawng chu lungkuai leh ril ta riauva hriatna a nei pawh ni fa hmiang!

Heng hla thu leh ţawng upa kan tihte bakah hian Zo hnahthlak ţawng dangte hi ‘Zoţawng’ tualleng atan a tam thei ang ber la kawm uar deuh deuh ila; chu chuan Zoţawng chu a tihchangtlun tual tual dawn a ni. Duhlian ţawngah ni pasal(pa farnu pasal) ch kohna hran ţawng a awm loh avanga ‘pa’ an tih ve mai laiin, Hmar ţawngah chuan ‘rang’ an ti then mai a; Paite ţawngah pawh ‘gang’ an ti a; Zo tongah pawh ‘gang’ an ti a; Lai ţawngah pawh ‘tang’ an ti a ni awm e. Hei hian, ‘Zoţawng’ a tihchangtlunin a tipumkhat tial tial ang a; Zo hnahthlak inpumkhatna pawh a siam ţha zual zel ngei ang.

(3) Hnam dang ţawng rei tak hawh tawhte: Hnam dang ţawng hun rei tak kan lo haw tawh, keimahni ţawng bulbal ang maia kan lo hman ţhan tawhte hi Zoţawng awm sa tih hian huamtir chin a awm lo thei lo vang a. Entirnan, “vai” tih chu “bhai” tih aţanga lak niin a lang a, “lehkha” tih pawh “likha” tih aţanga lah niin a sawi a ni a; “laltin” tih pawh “lantern” tih aţangin chutiang zelin, “sikul” pawh “school” tih aţanga lak a ni bawk a. Heng ang chi, a ziak dan pawh keimahni lamrik dan leh awphawi mila ka dah tawhte hi “ Zoţawng” awmsaw zingah chhiar telin, a nih ang ang hian vawn him ni ta sela.

IV. Ţawng thar chher chhuah hman lar tawhte:
(a) Zoţawng ţobul leh ziding ni lo, engtik hun lai emawa kan chher thar, hnampum huapa hman lar tawhte hi Zoţawng tihchangtlun nan an pawimawh hle ang. Hman lai deu chuan ‘ngaihzawng’ sawi nan ‘Siali’ tithe ‘Lungdi’ tithe an hman laiin, engtik hun lai emaw aţang chuan ‘bialnu’ , ‘bialpa’ tithe a lo ni a; tun hnaiah chuan ‘tawih’ tithe a lo ni leh a. ‘Tawih’ tih hi hmelţha sawi nan pawh hman a ni bawk.

(b) Zoţawng awmsa hmanzai: ‘Hmanzawi’ tih hian remhre tak leh thiam taka a zai thei ang bera hman a huam ang a. Chungte chu sawi thui ngai lovah ruat ila. Chungte bakah chuan hmanlaia a ni lo lam (negative) chauh sawina ţawngkam ţhenkhatte a ni lam leh a ţha lam (positive) sawi nana hman uar te hi Zoţawng hmanzai leh tihchangtlun nan a ţangkai thei hle ang. Entirna ţhenkhat lo tarlang ila:-

Rilru kim lo a awm chuan ‘Rilru kim’ pawh awm se;
Chiangkuang lo a awm chuan ‘Chiangkuang’ a awm ve se;
Khawpkham lo a awm chuan ‘khawpkham’ pawh awm se;
Hnaisai lo a awm chuan ‘hnaisai’ pawh awm ve se;
Benghawng lo a awm chan ‘benghawng’ pawh awm se.

Hengte bakah hian Zoţawnga a ni lo lam chauh sawina nia mi ţhenkhatin an ngaih mahse a ni lam sawi nan pawha hman ni thei tho ţhina lang tam tak a awm a. Hengte hi kum 50 zel kal tawh a chhut Pu Buanga Dictionary-ah pawh a ni lam sawi nana hman an ni tho tih tarlante an ni a entirna tlem lo tarlang leh ila:

Nikhua, changkang, fumfe, ţhahnem, zei, inhamtawng, beng tla, dukdak, ţawmkai, tawngkhawp, bengkhawn, koritu leh a dangte.

Ţhi beh leh ţhi beh lote4, beng tla leh beng tla lote hi a ţobul han chhut dawn ta ila. Hmanlai chuan mi ţhate chauhvin ţhi an beh ţhina sawi a ni a; ţhi rit tak ‘saingho ţhi’ te an beh reng chuan an beng chu a lo tla fual ta ţhin a ni. ‘Beng tla’ tih hi Petera’n bawi beng a sahthlak ang ni lovin, ‘beng tla fual’ sawina a ni ngei ang. Chuvangin, a ţha leh a ni lam sawina a ni ve thei tlat a ni.

(c) Ţawng thar chher chhuah belh zel:
Zoţawng tihchangtlun nan ţawng thar chher chhuah zel hi a pawimawh hle a ni. Khawvel hmasawnna sang chho zelah thil la awm ngai lo hmuh chhuah leh siam chhuah tharte a pung zel a. Hengte hi ram dang a hmuh chhuahte an nih hlawm avangin hnam dang ţawngin ‘hming leh nihna’ te an nei zel a; chu bakah a awmdan leh hnathawh dan sawi fiah nan hnam dang ţawng bawk hman a ni a. Chungte kan zir ve hian thatchhe tak leh ngaihsam tak hnamdang ţawng chu hawh nghal zung zung mai a awl hle ţhin a ni. Heng thilah hian taima tak leh ţhahnemngai takin, bengsika ngaituah chung zelin Zoţawng thar chher chhuah nan hmang ila. Entirnan, Pu K. Laltluangkima chuan a lehkhabu lehlin pakhat ‘ Ramhuai Hmei’ tihah chuan ‘Wheel Chair’ chu ‘thutlirh’ a ti mai a, ‘Library’ pawh ‘Lehkhabuk’ a ti mai a, a hriat thiam theih hle tho zuh nia. Hemi kawngah hian a unaupa Dr. Laltluangliana Khiangte mawlh hi a fakawmin ka hria.

Tunlai hian, TV-ah ‘Advertisement’ leh ‘Display’ te hi ‘fakna’ an ti mai a; ‘telecast’ pawh ‘pe’ an ti leh mai a; kan hrethiam chho ve zel a. Nakin deuhvah phei chuan a larin a inhmeh tulh tulh mai turah ngai ila. Hetiang hnam dang ţawng hawh mai aia a tlukpui Zoţawng tihchangtlun nan a ţangkai hle ang. Amaherawhchu, mahni duh dan dana hmang nghal mai zel lovin, ‘Glossary’ committee emaw te siam ila, chutah chuan rawtna te theh lutin, chu Committee chuan uluk takin enfiah hmasa ţhin sela a duhawm lehzual ang. Tunlai hian thuziak taima tak tak, sapţawng thumal ţhenkhat Zoţawng a tlukpui awm sa rengte pawh hmang peih lova, a Sapţawng hmang lui ţalhte, a ţhente phei chuan hawrawp awna a Sapţawng ziak dan dik tak hman mai aia Zoţawng lamrik dan ang anga ziak ching riaute kan awm a. Hengte hian kan ‘Zoţawng’ hi a tichichawm thei hle dawnin a lang a. Entirnan, Sapţawnga ‘promotion’ chu ‘Kaisang’ emaw, ‘Kaisanna’ emaw hman mai theih a nih laiin, ‘pawrawmawsan’ te an han ti ta duah mai a; a ching uarte hming leh an hmanna lehkhabu te chu sawi lang kher lo mai ila. ‘Experience’ te pawh ‘Eksipirians’ ti tein an ziak a. Hengte pawh hian ‘tawnhriat’ tih te ‘daihriat’ tithe leh ‘chanhriat’ ti etein a thu awmzia azirin remchang takin a hman theih hle a ni. Kan tawn leh ka dai hriat a ni chuan ‘tawnhriat’ leh ‘daihriat’ chu a fiah mai a. Mahse, a chana kan chan hriat, Thlarau Thianghlim chan ang chi-ah te chuan ‘ chanhriat’ hman chu a inrm leh thlap thung ang. ‘Politics’ te pawh ‘Ram Rorelna’ ti mai ila. ‘Court’ pawh ‘Thubuai Remna’ ti mai ila. Kan hman ţhan hnu chuan a lo inhmeh ve chham zel a ni.

Mizoram buai hma khan Shillong Zofate zingah Pu R.K. Hranga chuan kawnglaka kan inpelh nikhuaa Sapin ‘hallo’ an han tih mai ang chi te, ‘Good Morning’ emaw an tih ang chi atan hian ‘Chibai’ tih ţawngkam hi hman mai ni se tiin a arawt uar hle a. A tirah chuan a nuihzat thlak deuh va; mahse, tunah chuan kan hmang ţhang ta a, a remchang hlein a hriat tawh a ni.

Ţawng lerh ti mai ila, Sapin ‘Slag’ an tihte pawh hi chher chhuah thar a ni zel a; hengte pawh hi ţawng tichangtlun pakhat a tling ve tho mai. Sudden Muanga Comics bu hian a chher tam fu awm e. ‘Teuh lo’ sawi nan ‘nguar ang la’ han tithe pawh hi a tir chuan ngeiawm fu angin lang mah sela, Zoţawng’ tihausakna ţawngkam pakhat chu a ni ve tho mai. Chutiang zelin, tunlaia mi tute emaw htu inchuh, ‘hmeichhe’ sawi nana ‘Minu’ tih ţawngkamte pawh hi Zoţawng tihchangtlunna ţawngkam khatah hmang thei ila chu a zia mai lo maw? ‘Hmeichhia’ tih ţawngkam thlakthleng nana hman kher tum lovin, ‘hmeichhia’ tiha sawina ţawngkam dang entirnan, ‘thai’ , ‘nuthai’, ‘lengi’ , ‘samsei’ leh a dangte angah ngai mai ila, a hahdam thlak then mai awm e.

(d) Mumal nei zawka ţawng dang hawh: Ţawng dang hawh’ tih hian Zoţawnga a tlukpui kan chher chhuah hi huamtir ta lo ila. Tawng changtlung Sapţawng angte hi han thlir ila, ţawng dang hawh a tam em em a. Chuvangin, ţawng dang hawh hi tlawmpa eksenah lak loh ni sela. Amaherawhchu, Zoţawnga a tluk kan siam lo thei loh chinah chauh hnam dang ţawng hi hawh hi sela. Chu pawh chu mumal zawk leh rualkhai zawka tih ni thei sela. Sawi nual tawh angin, loh theih lohva hnam dang ţawng kan hawhte hi engtia ziak tur nge tih hi ngaihtuaha pheikhai rual zawka tihdan thuhmun inţawm tlan a ţha ngawt mai. Kei ka ngaih ve dan chuan, hnam dang ţawng kan hawhte hi chu hnam dang ţawng hawh a ni tih hriat hran theih ngei nan a inziak dan ang chiah hian ziak ni mai sela; a theih hram chuan hawrawp danglama ziak ni nghe nghe sela. Hawrawp danglama ziak a remchan loh pawhin a inziak dan dik taka ziak a nih chuan hnam dang ţawng hawh tih a hriat hran a awlsawm zawk dawn a ni. Rem leh rem lova a lam rik dan ang zuia Zoţawng ziak hi a chi chawm tlatin ka hria a ni.

(e) Hnam dang ţawng kauchheh hawh loh hram tum ni se:
Sapţawnga thuziak Zoţawnga lehlinah hian Sapţawng kauchheh hawh a awl hle ni tur a ni. Chutian chu Bible lehlinah hian a hluar avang nge ni Mizoram Kohran hruaitute leh rawngbawltute hian an hmang uar zual emaw tih tur a ni a. Kan Biak In inkhawm ţawngte hi a paiin, bona rum rum tur pawh ţawngkawm an hmang fo mai. Entirnan, ‘Thawhlawm I lo khawn ang u’ tih aiah ‘ Thawhlawm khawnna I lo nie ang u’ an han ti ta daih mai a; Thawhlawm khawntute’n thawhlawm khawnna an rawn hum far mai chu min pe dawn ta emaw pawh lo ti palh ila a mak fahran lo thei hial awm e. Mitthi vainaah Pastorin, ‘Vuin zawhah thlalakna kan nei ang a’ a han tih chuan Camera ka nei dawn tihna erawh a ni chuang si lo!. Ţawngţaina te kan nei a, Thuhril ngaihthlakna te kan nei a, thawhlawm hlanna te kan nei a. Inkhawm banah hawn tur chu kan nei chuang thei lova; a nihna takah chuan ‘na neiin, na tak tam neiin’ kan hawng ţhin a ni ber awm e. ‘Kan tan naupang a lo piang a, Fapa pekin kan awm ta’ tih ang chi, ‘pekin kan awm’ tih aiah, ‘min peta’ tih mai tur chi te, Sap ţawngkauchheh kan Zoţawng Bible lehlina tam lutuk ang chi hi Zoţawng tihchangtlun nan sim hlan a ngahhlelhawm ngawt mai!.

Source: Chapter 9:
ZO KALSIAM By MIZO ACADEMY OF LETTERS, Mizoram, Aizawl, 1997 A.D
Page155-166

ZO THUPILTE(Zo Proverbs)

2008-10-03T00:21:00.000-07:00

By Philip Thanglienmâng
ÂHBU LOU KÂNG IN GAMMÂNG LÂI APÊ
Thu tamna mun ah akijang hi.Ahbu lou ahileh loupa kuongbai mama ahia, meisi khat atuhkhâh leh kuongpai ahi.
Thu limlou khat leh thu neunou khat akigênggên leh lênglêng in thu liensepi khat suoh china hi.
ÂHPI IN NE TALUO VÂNG ACHI LEH KILAWKHU=dugawl
sêngsêng shi theina ahi,du-âm tânna,mi huoiham vângsie.
ÂHTA MANG KUON KITUTU=âhtate aman kuon chiengun
akitutu uhhi.Tuachi mabangin mihingte zong aman kuon chieng uleh kituomawna,kiphunsanna,kihâuna in adim hi.
ÂHTUI SUNGA A KÂNG DÎNG LEH A VOM DÎNG
KITHEILOU=thu magên gênna in akijang hi.Thu adihna tahtah theichien loua mawhgên atung nâilou akilawm lou phiel a thu mawh gên.
ÂIPI SAWIVA(SÎHVA) LEH A NOUTE SAWIVA(SÎHVA)=nu- leh-pate athudih sihleh tate zong thudih lou,nu-le-pa in zuou agênhât uhleh atate’n zong zuou gênhât.
BÊL A KÊ LEH VA-ÂHTE KIPÂH=mihing khat vângsietna ah khun
agâl,amêlmate kipâh.
BUIPI LEI NGIET ZONG A KHAWLTHEI=mi toh kilungthahsuona
kihâuna,kilungnopmawna,kisietna chite kilemna ahing kibawl leh khongâi vingveng a zangâitah a kingaituo dîng.
BÊL A ZU BANG KIPUO CHIET LEI PIENGPAN LÛNLÂI TANGZAW VÂI=kideisah chiet lei lienjaw vai.
CHIENGKOT LEH MANKHONG KITUOH=salampi,muolhawm,
singhawm sa suonuomna lampi khu chiengkot ahia,
mankhong khu thâng ahi.Gintâtloupi a, poimaw hunlâitaha mi dei khat toh kituohkha a kinung.Apoimawna mun akijangtuo.
CHITHAH NUPA TUNGNUNG KITU VÂNLI LÂI AH MANG=
hieng-leh-san,innsung khat,chi khat zât khat let dîng kitutuna u’a,lel law uh,koima joujoulou a mangthang uh china ahi.
DU-ÂM TÂNNA=huoiham ngawlna ahi.
DUMDAL NGA LULOH BANG=pil khollou,mimaw,ngaituona bei mi.
ÊH TAM SÊNG VOHPI IN KHAWNGJOU LOU=thu-le-la atam sêng leh bangma ajie-apawl lâh dîng umlou.
GÛL LÛT SHI MI LÛT SHI LOU=gul innsunga alut leh kithat teitei hi,hinanleh mihing khat in ngaidam ava nget leh akithat sâm siha akingaidam thei veve hi.
GÛNGÂL MEIKHU NUOM TUOM(MEIKHUT NOP TUOM)=
khuolzin chienga chimaw tuohkhate’n ami-asa khat akituopi a
tua mipa/minu ana houpi ahilouleh ana panpi noptuom mama.
HIMA(MEIMA) LOU AH THOU TULOU=ajiehbei in thu-leh-la pienglou hi.
DAWNKÂI PHUT MASAPÊN=apantu,khosât masapên.
HAKÂI PÂHTÂT LUNGVEI=hoi kisah khat zong ana hoilou thei,
ahoi dînga gintât mama mi khat khu ana sethei.
HUN LEH TUI LUONG IN KOIMA ANGÂH SIH=hunkhawl theilou,hun apeipei a,tui zong aluongluong hi.
I THEINA TEM BANG TAWI CHIET LEI TÂNG A =kiphatsah leh kiletsah chiet lei.
INN GUO HALOU GAM GUO HA=kep dîng lawm u-leh-nâu kêm lou a huot bawl leh muda a ,tualeh agamlajaw leh akeplou dîngte akep khu inn guo halou gam guo ha kcih ahi.
INN THU LEH GAM THU KITUOHLOU=innsunga annkuong îmkhawm laitah a vaihawm khawm a thu gelkhawmte toh kholai leh khuolgam a thulakhawmte peikhawm in kijang khawm theilou.
KAMSIEM IN SIELLEI SANG=lieuna pânna dîng mun ah kiniemkhiet leh kamsiem taha i vatâu leh sielpi lieu dîng lâî zong ahing kingaidam thei hi.Thupha tawi mêtna ahi.
KAM SUNGA LEI LEH HA ZONG KIPET(KIKEI)=Kam sunga lei leh ha
zong a kipe mabangun innkuon sung mite zong akihâuthei u’a akinuathei zêl uhhi.
KHATVEI LAMHLANG TUON KHIELLOU KOIMA A OM SIH=
mawneilou leh khiellou koima a um sih china ahi.Abukim,achingkim koima umsih china ahi.
KHUP IN KHÂ A KHÊL NGAI SIH=tung ate thu niellou dîng.
Tate’n ujawte demlou dîng,nu leh pate demlou dîng. Ni mu masa dîng.
LOUTUL IN ZONG SANGGAM SUI=na jousie ah sanggam lâîzom sui masah leh bulbawl ngai china ahi.
Loutul nua akitawpsan dîng kumin patlei dîngin kibawlkia hi.Inntêhte innhangte,tanute in adeina munmun uh patlei dîngin kihawm masa hi. Ama un akihawm jou chiengun midang adei a umleh a pebep uhhi.
MÂI GUI AH ÛM GA NGAI LOU=phung khat apatin phung dang
kihengthei lou china hi.
MEISEL KHAT IN LUI NI TÂNTHEILOU=mihing khat in touni
aneithei sih,sepna khatpoupou a i tantawh a lungkim dîng.
MI LUONG LEH DOL LUONG MANG LOU=mouman piehlou a mâîthei maimai hilou china ahi.Mouman piehjoulou hilezong piehjou matan a bat hi gige hi.Batmang umtheilou hiel hi.Mi thasa khat luongman um têitêi ahia,dolluong amuot theilou leh amuot ha bangin mouman leh luongman mangtheilou china ahi
MI SHINA DÎNG I BAWL LEH EIMA KISHI=mi sietna dîng i bawl leh eima tunga tu.
MITTAW SIEL KHÂU TÛH=theinabei mipil sênglou khat in midang khat adeina lam ahilouleh adeilouna lama apuipui a,ahin ajui
pa’n shina lam e chizong theiloupia amawh jui khu gênna ahi.
NAKE KAWI IN NAKE MÂM ASUONG=Nake kichi singkung kawi ahia, aba mêng kaht teng amâm,atang jitjet hi. Tuama bangin nu-leh-pa lâîsiemloute’n zong tate lâîsiem anei hi.NU- le-pa hoi khollou in ta hoitah ahing nei uh gênna ahi.
Mi bangmalou a kisimte zong milien hing suohthei veve hi.
NATANG ZONG AKHÎLKHÎL IN UM=ahâî ahâî,abih abih ahisihleh abawngbawng a mi nam khat su ng hilouleh innsung a kikhendân gênna ahi. Be-le-phung zong ahâîhâî in a um u’a tu-le-tate zong abawngbawng in a um uhhi.
NA TAWM MA IN NA TUHNA DÎNG EN IN=na khat poupou na bawl ma in ngaituosiem masa inlen theiloupi in mawh bawl si’n.
NÂUJAW MALÂN=Jawlou sêngsêng dîng mana ahâtdân a kilang masa.
NGÂHNU HÊL IN PHOHBUL TAWI NGAI LOU=Nungah hêl dîngte’n anungahnu anga nuom leh kamsiem,kingainiemna,
kampha,kamtui kamteng janga nungah hêl dîng ahi.
NUMEI GÂI TEITANG NÂMTANG KUO,PASAL LOU VÂT IN TUOLGÂL DOU=Numei gâî pên shithei mangthei zing ahi.Tuachi mabangin singtâng louvât pasalpa zong shithei mangthei leh jâuhuoina adim ahi hi.Tua thamlou in numei naupaite vang thaltangpâî toh kigênte ahi.
NUMEI GILOU IN PHUNG KHEN=Mou gilou in apasal unaute ahisihleh apasal be-le-phungte a innsung u’ah bangtan e khat akidangkoisah hi.Numei gilou in unau kituohte zong akikhensahthei hi.
NUPI GILKIEL IN BUBÊL AKÊH,PASAL GILKIEL IN LOUMA AKÊH=Annhuon a numei pang ahia, innkuon khamkhop dîng ann tam huon i n ann bêl kêh hi.Pasal in ann khamkhop dîng louma lam ama mawpuohna ahi. Ann bu a khamkhop a upleh louma kêhlet pen mam mawpuohna ahi.
PHELUM(THELUM) PAWTNA DÎNG LEIKHA’N PET(KEI)= Mi khat letna dîng leh lalna dingin pawlkhat in pan ahing halâh ngai ahi.Khantouna dîngin mipil khat in alampi asiel masah ngai hi.
PUTE LEH GITTA IN CHIEM MASAPÊN=Tângvul/buvul a tuipum masang apatin in gitta in neipai hi. Tâng a min chiengin kila a,alâh masah pên uh pu zu dîngin kibawl hi. Tângzu/buzu abawl jou chiengun pu zu sup/khol puoh bawl gige ngai hi. Inntêhte’n in tâng a nêh masangun gitta in chiem in pu in zu chiem masapên china ahi. Pute zadân leh gîndân kigênna ahi.
SAKHI API A SAN LEH A NOU SAN=Nu leh pate optandânte khu tate’n abawl u’a, a nu leh a pate bawlteng khu a tate’n a bawl nuomse hi. Nu leh pate a hoi uhleh tate zong hoi.
SAKHI NGALTA AH BANGMA BEH LOU=sakhi ngalta nêu mama leh pan mama ahia, tuanah a tel nêhkham beh lou hi. Tuachi mabangin mi khat bangma hina leh letna neilou khat ama leh ama kiphat, kipoh leh kiletsah hilezong bangma a thupina omlou.
SAKHI THAT LOU NGALTANG TUM=Ngaltang khu sa mathasa mama ahia, sakhi pên ngaltang sânga mat bailamzaw gînhuoilouzaw. A siemna bukim neilou a, sângpipi tun sawm. Lâîsiem loupi LDC zong mujoulou nu/pa khat IAS,IPS hisawm mawh.
Dangka 100 zong neizoulou mawtaw leisawm mawh.
SAME IN HLUM TALUO VÂNG A CHI LEH AM(MAH)= Same kichi singga zât khat ahia, a ga pen humtuoh mama in a kilang hi. Ahivangin a kinêh chiengin hum lemalah in mah phelphul hi. Mihing in hoitaluo vang a chileh sietlaw. Sil khatpou khu a vâlkâî i bawl leh hoilouna tunthei. Na khatpou a tupdân ase zosop a ahing pan chiengin tami thupil kizang hi.
SÎNG IN A THAH KHELOU(KHIEMLOU)=Sîng khu a thah ahia, heima pou ah kitu leh zong a thah veve hi. Tua mabangin migilou, mihângsan khat khu heisungsung ah om leh zong a gilou thou a, a hângsan veve china ahi. Numei gilou khat a kihlentheilou gênna in zong a kizang hi. A ngaingai bang veve cina ahi.
SIA ASAT LÂIPÊT IN SÂT IN=Siakhêngte sia khu a sat lâitahin a nop dândân un a khêng uhhi. Tuamabangin tate bangkim zil hun a hipêt a zilsah dîng ahi. A hunpêt a, hil dîngte hilchien dîng ahi. Thu khat la khat a kithan vengvung lâitaha ngaituo paidîng china ahi.
SIEL ÊH TAM SÂNG IN Â ÊH UIZAW=Mihing tampi mawh op a lunglut tahta lah omlou nasem pei lah omlou sângin mi tawmnou khat lungkituohtah a nasep lawching zaw cina ahi. Thu leh late tampi mawh gengen a tahtah lah omlou, thugen mi tam mama zui mumal omlou.
SIEL SI NUA A SIELDÂI KÂI=Topi in asiel neva chia sieldâi kai sawm a siel topi a’ng tawzou bepa khanglou pan in, siel khumna dînga siel dâithaw bawl china ahi. A kikhêlnua a khanglou pan in a kivênna bawl bep china ahi.
SIELTAL TAGA LAWITAL TAGA KHATVEI KILE=Ganta tagate a neu laiun a kapkap u’a, hinanleh ahinglet chiengun a hâtpen in a pangthei uhhi. Tagate, misimmawte, mizawngte, miliengvaite, ni khat ni chienga hing lienthei, hausathei, nopsathei, ahi u’a koima simmawthei a omsih hi.
SING A PÂH ZOUSIE GA KIMLOU=Mihing khatpou khu a thudih leh thuman dînga gintâtpai lou dîng. Gingta bai si’n china ahi. Mi kamsiem, mi khatpoupou tungah kinêm pai si'n.
SING UMLOU NA’H GUO KIMANG=Sil khat a kilawmtah a om sih leh adang khat kizang china ahi. Lamkai ding dei bangtah a siem apil a chingkam a oplouna mun ah siem in siemsih leh zong mi khatpoupou lamkai dingin a kipangsah china ahi. Innkhuom gil oplouna mun ah guo a kizang china ahi.
SUONG KILIALIA IN PANNA ANEI SIH=Suong a kilialia chienginleh a putung ah bangma a behthei siha a mâm pingpeng hi. Mi thudihlou zuou leh nâl a kipei koima’n thutah a a simloute khu a tawpna ah panna neilou ahi.
SUONGPI SUONGTA’N A THEH LEH A KIP=Suong kiguol chiengin suongpi maimai a pang sih a, suongtate’n zong asuong golte a theh kinkan u’a tuachiin a det uhhi. Tuachi mabangin a neu a lien a pankhawm leh nam khat,ahishleh mihing pawl a det hi. Panna neilou mi di’a bang hilou simmawpen zong midangte’n ahing hanthawn a a panpi chiengleh panna ahing nei a a simtheipen leh muonpen in ahing umthei hi. Khosung a hausa khu hoitaha nautangte’n ahing panpi leh khotêndân leh giehdan ahing kitup china ahi.
TAGA SIEL NEI LAMPI GEI AH KUOL=Tagate ahing hausat chiengun a nei a lamte uh mite mu dingin atalang zel uh ahi. Mi kiphat, mi kipoh, mi kihausasah, kipilsah, kihoisah china ahi.
TANU GINTÂT ZAWLGAI=Tanu gintatpen in innsung muolphouna hing tun china hi. Mi gintatpen zong gintat bang ana hilou,mi khat hoi/pha i sah mama zong a giloupen ana hithei mawh.
TÊNGKOL PANGKHIEL TUITAWANGÂH=Mi kihisah, kingâisang mama, deitel mama,mi bangma a simlou a’ng kieh tahtah bep a, thuohla mama zum leh dai toh kidim in ama leh ama kipâmsedoh tualeh mite toh kipawl ngimta lou china ahi.
TINGTONGPA’N AZI DONMAN LOU IN DIELDIEL IN KHUONG LEH ZÂM KÂI=Inn leh lou donlou a noplen, nopva, vah lele zu leh sa nene mai a zi a ta donmanloute genna ahi. Mi duhdahlou.
TUIPI THÛH A SIP DÎLDÊL=Mipilte a kamtam sih u’a,thu amawh gengen sih u’a, a hun uh a tun chiengin agenpan u’a tuachiin mite’n apina uh ahing theithei uhhi. Dihtatna khu a kimuthei pai siha awl-awl in a hing kilang hi.
TUIPI NÊMNÊM LUONG KUO TÂI=Tuipi ahing sua vanglah chiengleh a hat mama a, tuitan mite a tawmang thei hi. Tuachi mabangin, mi nunnêmte, mi lungtuolte ahing lungthah tahtah chiengleh a kikhamzou sih u’a, a huoise mama uhhi.
UIPI VÂHHÂT IN SAGU BAWH TUOH =Sum leh pâi suisuite’n sum tam leh tawm leh a mu teitei uha, septheithei semte in sepna lam ah tam in tawm in lawman a mu uhhi.
VOHKHIEL IN VOHPI KUL NGÂH A SUON=Moutha gilou khat innsung a hing kithuneisah chiengin a innpinu(a pasalnu) asuonkhie a,a deldoh china ahi. Mounu khu vohkhiel toh kigente ahi.
ZU HAWM HAMPHA SA HAWM HAMSIE=Sa a beithei ahia,
Zu pen tui a kikhupkhup zel a, mizousie’n atangkim thei let hi. Tua zieha sil khat poupou na bawl a na deina banga ahing up sihleh lunghimaw lou dinga ngaisiem mai dîng ;china hai.
ZUM LEH SÂILI IN KOIMA SI LOU=Zumna zieha sep dîng, gên dîng, bawl dîng, tawpsan lou dîng. Thagum a sep dîng a up leh sep mai dîng zum lou dîng china ahi.

ZOLATE PATÂTNA

2008-10-02T23:47:00.001-07:00

ZOLATE PATÂTNA
(Appreciation of Poetry)
Zo late chi tuomtuom a om hi. Khenkhat toumunla pawlkhat
sannemla, zangtala, lalêh leh adgdg a om hi.
La pâtâtna i chi chiengin la khat sunga agui kichiendan leh dawng khat ah thuteng bangza a om e? chi leh a okaidan,athutengte kizawitawndan chite i genna ahi. Tualeh tua la dawngte sunga laphuotu in bang ahing hil nuom ahiei chite khuoltuona ahi. A thu a late sungah
hindan, poudan, khosahdan, nopsahdan, gentheidan, dana, kana chite leh adgdgte a tomkim a genkhietna khu La pâtâtna kici ahi.
Tuinle; tam anei La pâtâtna genkhawm vai:

1. a.Khangvaimâng leh tuon a pupa
tongciemna kângtui munzang hi e.
b.Zo Gunpi leh kângtui minthang
Atua tung Zota kuolsung chi u’a.
Apâtâtna 1:
Tami la ahileh gamngaila ahi. Pu. Mang Cin Khup MPpu in Zogam a tapna a phuo ahi. Nidanglai a i pu i pate leh Kawlmangte a na kithukimna uh gamgi a genna ahi. Zogam gamgi pen Chindween gunpi apat Loktak dil tan a china ahi.
Agui masa sungah kamteng(syllable) 8(giet) a om a,agui nina ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi. Tami la pen Zangta la kai ahi.

2. a. Tuizum Mângkâng kîl bang hing khang,
Zota kuolsung zil bang lîng e,
Pienna i gamlei aw phal si’ng e.
b. Pienna gamlei leh i Zogam kuom ,
Lal ka naw sansi’n hing zêl e,
Ngalliem vontawi ka lâulou lâi e.
Apâtâtna 2: Tami gamngai la ahi.
Agui masa leh anina ah kamteng 8(giet) chiet a om hi.
Agui thumna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi.
Mangkangte ahing khanlet lai u’a Zogam a pawtpuo mihing ahingmat sawm lai u’a kiphuo ahi. Zote’n a pienna gam uh a it mama zieh u’a mi khut sunga alutsah nuomlouna uh laphuo ahi.
Zogal lai a, Mangkangte leh Zote huoisetah a a kidouna u’a shisan-naisan luonna akitapna ahi. Hangsantahin ngaltang hat ma bangin a Zogam uh hung u’a,tualeh shina mi tampite’n atuoh u’a,nanleh Mangkangte a zau mawngmawng sih uhhi.

3. Zângkhen kawlchieng ka tawi minthang toh
Sang ka kap lentukuom a zâl,
Sang ka kâp lentukuom a zâl,
Na bângkim na’i cin leh tuoi
Na bângkim na uoi?
Apatatna 3:Tami hanla ahi.
Agui masa sungah thuteng 9(kuo) aum a,a gui nina sungah
kamteng 8(giet) chiet a om hi. Agui thumna ah kamteng 7(sagi) atawpna gui ah thuteng guh a om hi.
Tami la pen gamvahmi pasal khat in athau tawi toh sa khat atha
aphuona ahi. A u-a naute’n atangkim na uoi chia aphuona ahi.

4.(a) I Senam Zolei nunnuom,
Mi lênna’n ka phal lou e,
Pu lênna; tuon Pupa lênna aw e.
(b) Pu lênna tuon Pupa lênna,
Guol toh sang muol ka suona,
Sih vâng e, phal thei sih vâng aw e.
Apatatna:
Tami gamngai la ahileh Senam khuo midangte’n a kisim lai a kiphuo ahi. Adawng khatna a, agui masa leh anina sungah kamteng(syllable) 7sagi chiet a om a, agui thumna ah kamteng 10(sawm) a um hi. Adawng nina a, a gui masapen ah kamteng 10(sawm) a om a,agui nina ah kamteng 7 sagi a om a, a gui thumna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi.

5. a. Pâlpum minthang bânzâl suosiem
Cîn minthang, toh hei lawm e.
b. Ka kot nawl a zuo lunggin aw,
Buollou lâukha ngâi ing aw e.
Apatatna: Tami la tang-ai ahilouleh sa-ai,ton la ahi. Aphuotu in a u-pa lutung a tuhpal hoi mama asiet a et cienga etlawm a sah thu a phuona ahi. A kot kunglam a et cienga a pa shisa a lungsim a hing kilang,angai mama thu aphuona ahi.Agui masa sungah kamteng 8(giet) a om chiet a, agui nina ah, kamteng 7(sagi) a om hi. Agui tawpna ah kamteng 9(kuo) a om hi.

6.a. Tuoi minthang leh khomuol lumsuong,
Hânzei tawina’n lawm sa’ng e.
b. Hanzei tawina’n lawm sa’ng e,
Sanggiel pawl toh lawm sa’ng e.
Apatatna: Tami hanla ahia, atapa in kamei gielnei amat a tapna ahi. Khomuol lumsuong dawna mun a,hanla asahna thu ahi. Kamkei gielnei ahing puoh tung zou khomuol suongdaw tung kikou zen a ahatna hanla asah thu ahi.

7. a. Sâumang kânkong ka kalni’n zângni diel e,
Vuisâi luong sing bang lum e.
b. Lunggin teng maciengsuon ta’ng e,
Vuisâi thângmuol ah suo’ng e.

Apatatna: Tami hanla ahia, gamvahmi khat in saipi a thana la hi. Sabeng a kuon saipi lien mama khat a mat thu ahi. Inn a’ng tun hun in ni a tumta hi. A samat pen tuongphei lai ah a siel hi. A hieng a santeng toh a ai-khawm a a nekhawm hi. Agui masa ah kamteng 11(sawm leh khat) a om a, a gui nina ah, kamteng 7sagi a om hi.Adawng nina ah, a gui masapen ah kamteng 8 giet a om a, agui nina ah, kamteng 7sagi a om hi.

Dohnate:
Tam anei a late patatna gieldoh in.
1. Sien toh houlung ka kum a ,
Agin gimnei ka zâh aw,
Kidang sa’ng aw e,
Agin gimnei ka zâh aw,
Kâmmei kuongpi a’diei maw?
En ngamla’ng aw e.

2. Santuipi vûm bang khawl kâl,
Zatam cieului gâlkâi in,
Suon heita aw e......
Miriam selungdam kisa’n,
Sî bang nûi in nunnuom,
Lâmtuol saita aw e.
3. Keila piengpan, ‘Zînkol tângsa; sal bang suoh di’n;
Sien aw nang vâng mu bang ngâi vêng e!
Mu bang ka ngâi, tung Lûnmâng aw;
Sênnâu bang ei pom aw Zuonêm aw!

4. Vân sînnuoi a miza piengteng
‘Zîn in kêlsiel bang ei del den e!
Lûnmâng Jesu Sien vontawi in
phammawna daw-âi tawi lawm aw e!

5. Tai bang tênna sietlei tunga ‘Zin-in kêlsiel bang ei del den e!
Zîng ka zinna, Sietlei tuol khie’n; thangvân vângkhuo
tuong ka tun dîng;
Hâi bang ngâhla’ng e!

Mângkam Tângthu(History of English language):

2008-09-29T00:01:00.000-07:00

Roman kumpi khanlet lâi in kum 400 AD huntuom in tu-a Mângkam[English] kam jang mite Europe gam mâllam lahtuom ah akithejâh uhhi. Amahaw’n Kam khat ana jang u’a tuami pên ‘Low German’ kam akichi hi. Nam tuomtuom ahijieh un hâm tuomtuom in ana hâm uhhi. Tua namte min khu Angles,Saxons, leh Jutes te ahi uhhi.
A unpi un Anglo-Saxonte ana kichi uhhi. Romante toh kinâitên ton ahiman un Romante khantouna ana mu masa uhhi.Roman summêtbawlte amahaw lah ah avazinta u’a ava kihal ta uhhi.Romante khantouna la in summêtbawlna khuolzinna sahkhuo biehna jiehin Romante Kam Latin kammal tampi ana zang leng u’a tuachiin amauhte’a asuohsah uhhi.
Etsahna; Latin kam a pat Mângkângte kammal akawmte uh en vai;
Kettle,wine,cheese,butter,cheap,plum, gem,bishop,church chite ahi hi.
Kum 500 AD tuomlah in Romante akengiemta uhhi. Gothete in Romante Mediterranean tuipi gei a gamte) asim u’a anuoinet ta uhhi. Anglo-Saxonte’n Britain asimsuh uhhi.
Britain pên AD 43 apatin Romante khut neiah ana om uhhi. Celtste anuoinetjou un Britain gam sungah Roman Uhpi(governor) akoi uhhi.Tuahun lâi in,Scotlang,Wales, leh Ireland gam sungteng ah Celts te zalên lâi uhhi. British tuikuolgamte lah ah Romante uhna ana pei sih hi.
Khum nam gumte doudâlna dîngin Romante’n kulpi ana lam uhhi.Britain gam pên Roman Kulpi ana kichi hi. Latin kam khu mipite kihoumatna kam(lingua franca) ana kijang tuon sih hi. Zum leh uhna toh kisaina lampang ah Latin kam mai ana kijang leng hi. Nâutâng te’n Celtic kam ajang thouthou uhhi. France(Gaul) leh Spain gam sung bangin Latin kam mipite’n ajang uhhi.

Kum zanga(500)AD tuomin Romante in Britain gam sungah buoina tampite ana tuohta uhhi. Nam tuomtuomte’n Britain a’ng simta uhhi. Anglo-Saxon te’n zong suolam tuipi gam asim panta uhhi. Roman uhpina(Empire) sung gamchin ah helna apiengta hi.
Kum 410AD in England gam sungah Roman uhhpina abeita hi.
Kum 600 AD ma in English chi dîng bangma record ana om sih hi.
English kam chithum a khenthei ahi;
a)Old English(Mangkam hâm kunglui) 600-1100 AD
b)Middle English( Mangkam hâm lâi) 1100-1450AD
c)Modern English(Mangkam hâm tha) 1450/1500

Mangkam hâm kunglui(600- 1100AD).
Kum 700 AD Northumbrian kisiemphatna hunlâi in English kunglui a’ng khangtou hi.
La minthang Beowulf khum hunlâi in ana kiphuo a ana kigieldoh ahi.
Tam bân ah Mercia gam lâilungte a’ng khangkhie uhhi.
Kum 800 AD tuomin Wessex-West Saxonte a’ng khanglien uhhi.
Alfred Lunmâng a’ng khangkhie hi. Ama’n siem zilnate ana ngâikhawh mama hi.
Zilna lam a Siempa ana kichi hi.Sânginn tampi ana phutkhie a, tualeh ana tawm hi. Ama’n Latin lâibu tampite English(mangkam) in ana ledoh hi.
Kum 866AD in Norse gâlhângte England suolam gam ah gâlsât dîngin a’ng pemta uhhi.
Alfred in ana doudâl let hi. Wessex lêng Alfred in ana dou gige hi.
Kum 877AD in kilemna suoi khat ana kâi uhhi. Tuami kilemna pan in gamgi ana bawl u’a tumlam Wessex ana kichi a, suolam Danelaw ana kichi hi.
Norsete kam leh English a’ng kihalkhawm simta hi. A kamhâm uh ana kibang sim ve ana hi leh kilawm dânin akithei hi. Norse hâmtengte Mangkam in akawmte ahileh;
Sky,give, law,egg,outlaw,leg,ugly,scant,sly,crawl, scowl,take,thrust,they,their,them leh adangdang tampi om nalâi hi.
Romante huoina neia Latin kamteng akawmte uh ahileh; cheese,butter,bishop,kettle,angel, candle,priest,martyr, radish, oyster,purple,school, spend leh adangdang ahi.
Mangkam hâm lâi(1100-1450AD)
Kum 1000 apat 1200 kikâl sungin Mangkam kunglui pên Mangkam lâi a’ng suohta hi.
Normante Britain aluota uhhi. Normante ahileh Scandinavia gam apata hing kipandoh uh ahi. Normante toh a’ng kisuhkhawm chiengun Mangkam kunglui pên a’ng kilheng tam mama ta hi. Mangkam leh Normante kamhâm a’ng kihal tam tâh jiehin Mangkam pên a’[ng hâusa mama ta hi.
Kum 1066AD jou in Normante’n France mâllam ah vâihawmna ana tu uhhi.
Amahaw’n French kam ana jang uhhi. Kum 1066 AD in Duke William in Britain ana nuoinetta hi.
Kum tampi Britain ana uhhi. French kamhâm jang Normante pên uhpite leh mângte in ana pang uhhi. Tualeh, French kam pên zumpi kam(official language) ana kijang a; mângte kam, kihâusate kam, miliente kam, lâisiemte kam, in ana kijang hi. Ahivangin, minâutângte’n kihoumatna kam in ana jang sih uhhi. Mangkam pên minâutângte kam ana hi veve hi. Khuchiin,Mangkam pên nampi(national) kam in ana omthei na lâi veve hi.
Normante’n England gam sungah kum tampi vâihawmna ana puo uhhi. Khumjiehin, Mangkam pên nâhpitahin ana kilheng lamdang mama hi. French kamteng nempi ana kawmkawm uhhi. Khumjiehin, Mangkam pên a’ng hâusa mama ta hi. Tunidongin, French kamteng tampite Mangkam in akipom ta hi. Tunidongin zong French kamham pên kam nina(second language) mun ah pang nalâi hi.
Mangkam in French kamteng akawmte;
Sahkhuo/biehna toh kisai thutengte; parson, sermon,baptism,inscense,crucifix,religion
Kumpi lam thutengte; parliament,alliance, majesty, treaty, tax,government
Nêh-leh-tâh thutengte; veal, beef, mutton,bacon, jelly,peach, lemon, cream,biscuit,
Zêmte; blue, scarlet, vermilion
Inntên thutengte; curtain,chair,lamp, towel,blanket, parlour,
Ki-apmain thutengte; dance, chess, music, leisure, conversation
Lâilam thutengte; story, romance,poet, literary,
Pilna lam thutengte; study, logic, grammar, noun, surgeon,anatomy, stomach.
Thuteng maimaite;mice,second,very,age,bucket,gentle,final,fault,flower,
cry,count, sure,move,surprise,plain leh adangdang kum 1100 apat 1500 in ahing luonglut ahi.
Kum 1100 leh 1500 kikâl sungin French kamteng tampi Mangkam sungah ahing kigollutta hi. Ogindân leh hâmdi zong akiheng tuonsih hi.

Mangkam Hâm tha(1450-1600AD);
Ogingte kihen lamdangna
Kum 1400 leh 1600 kikâl sungin Mangkam ‘Ogingte’ pawlkhat ahing kiheng lamdangdohta hi.
Chaucer Mangkam leh Shakespeare Mangkam osuodân ana kibang sih hi.
Chaucer in ogingte pandân dungjui in kamtengte alawdân apawtsah a, agingsah hi.
Etsahna tam anei ate kammal ni in agingsah hi; name,dance,wine,stove,liked
Shakespeare hun in oging ‘e’ pên asipsah a, kammal khat maimai dânin akigingsah hi.
Chaucer in kamtengte ni in agingsah hi. Etsahna in ; laughed(laf-fed),seemed(sî-met),
stored(sto-red),wine(wi-ne) chite kammal ni(two syllable word) in
ana gingsah hi.Shakespeare in ogin khat in ahing gingsah hi. Oging nivei kilou lâi pên ogin khat ahing suoh hi.Tachibangin kamteng atûltûl in ana kilheng sienggawp mai hi.
Mangkam kiheng lamdang khat kia ahileh; Ogingte okaidân ahi.
Mangkam hâm lâi( Middle English) hunin etsahna in ‘Name’(na-me) pên tu-a ‘na me,father’ kilawdân in ana kilou hi. Wine pên ‘wîn’ kilawdân in ana kilou hi.
Etsahna in Mangkam sungah thuteng ‘wine’ khu tu-a ‘wean’ kilawdân bangin ana kilou a, chipên ‘bine’ khu tu-a ‘been’ lawdân in na kigingsah zêl hi.
He pên ‘hey’ kilawdânin ana kilou hi. Mouse pên moose dânin in ana kilou hi.
Moon pên moan dânin ana kilou hi. Hinanaleh, Mangkam hâm tha hun sungin tambang ogingte telna kamtengte pên akilawdân ahing tuom deuta hi.
Wine pên ‘wâin’ chi in ahing gingta a, dine pên dâin chiin ahing gingta a, bine pên bâin chiin ahing gingta hi. Mouse pên mâos chiin ahing gingta a, moon pen mûn chiin ahing gingta hi.
Tambang ogingte chinteng jousie telna poupou khu akilawdân ana kilheng kuol sieng ta hi.
Tamte jiehin Mangkam lâi leh Mangkam hâm tha ahing tuom simta a, akibang sêng nawnlou in akithei hi. Ogingte jahdân zong ahing tuom sim ta hi.
Okaidân khu tambang okai kamteng tengteng ahing kilhengsah ta hi.
Khumjiehin,Ogingte gindân dîng bangin kamteng tampi ahing gingta sih hi.

Ahivangin in French, Italian, ahisihleh Spanish kam a na sim chiengin bine ,wine,dine chite pên Mangkam a mean,seen, been, teen kilawdân in akigingsah hi; chipên bine khu bîn chi in akiginsah ha, dine khu dîn chiin akigingsah a, wine khu wîn chiin akiginsah hi.Tambang ogingte okaidân kikhêl lamdang jiehin Mangkam pên ahing tuom deudeu dohta hi.Taam atunga Ogingte chini a kilhen lamdang na jiehin Mangkam lâi leh Mangkam tha akibahlouna ahing pieng ta hi.
Mangkam lâi leh Mangkam tha akibahlouna atungate I gênte jieh ahi hi.
Mangkam kikhêlna ajieh nempi a om lâi hi.

Kum 1500 leh 1800 kikâl sungteng in England gam ah khahlawna’Rennaissance’ kichi ana tung hi.Mite lungsim leh ngaituona ana khangtou mama hi. Thusimte,ngaituonate,leh tuottheina tuomtuomte ana sang mama a, kamteng thatha zong tampi ana piengkhie hi.
French,Latin,Greek kam apatin kamteng tampite ana kawm uhhi.
Kamteng ana kawmte uh ahileh tam aneite ahi;
Pedestrian,bonus,anatomy,contradict,climax,dictionary,benefit,multiply,exist,paragraph,initiate,scene,inspire, chite ana hi hi.
Mangkam a lâigiel minthang Pu.William Shakespeare hunlâi in tu-a ‘reason’ chia kigiel pên ‘raisin’ chiin ana giel uhhi. ‘Face’ khu tu-a ‘glass’ gindân in ana gingsah uhhi. Kamteng’ should, would, psalm,palm, sunga tel ‘l’ pên zong ana kilou let hi.
Kum 1611 AD in King James Bible ana kisunkhie hi. Tualâi in, kamteng ‘thou,thee,thy, minsêlte ana kijang let hi.Tu’n zong thungetna leh Bible deitêl dawng ah akijang na lâi hi.
Kamtengte ‘Hath leh ‘doth’ tu-a has leh does china ana hi hi.
Dictionary:
Kum 1603 AD in English Mangkam Dictionary masapên ana kisunkhie hi. Tuami sungah kamteng 2500 a om hi.
Samuel Johnson in kum 1755 in Mangkam Dictionay hoijaw leh sâjaw ana sundoh hi.
America ag Noah Webster in kum 1828 in Mangkam Dictionary ana sundoh hi.
Oxford Englsih Dictionary volume 12 sutna in kum 75 vingveng alut hi. Lâisiem tampite in ana ngaituo uh ahi. Kumzabi 18 lâi in Latin Grammar ettê in English Grammar ana siemkhie uhhi. Latin model(ettêna) jui in Grammar ana kisiemdoh hi.
Kum 1500 lâiin Mangkam pên mi tawmnou khatte kamzah ana hi hi.Tuikuolgam neunou khat sunga nam khat kam maimai ana hibou hi.
Ahi’nlah tunichiengin Mangkam pên billion khat vêl kamzah ahita hi.
American English kichi khat a tuomdeu a om a, New Zealand English kichi zong a om a,British English kichi a om a, Indian English kichi zong a om leuleu hi. Tualeh adangdangte zong a om nalâi hi.
Kikawmtuona ahoi jiehin Mangkam pên akhang akhang in akhanglien a, leitung pumpi ah akithêjâhta hi. Tuchiengin Mangkam pên akilheng sêng nawnkhol ta sih hi.
Kamzah tuomtuomte om mananleh Mangkam khu akihawmjâh nawnta sih hi.
Kam pên mihing pawlkhatte omdân leh tawndân tângpi a kawmu leh apuo hi.
Tawndân kêmbittu khu kamzah ahi.Tângthu-tuonthu leh sahkhuo biehdânte khu Kam in ana kêmbit hi.
Kam khu suikhietthei ahia,pilna dangte banga sutthei khenkhietthei tualeh têthei apei dân tângpi khat mukhietthei tual;eh dân bawl thei ahi.

Kam zahdân chi tuomtuom a om hi.
Okaidân tuomtuom a o m a, tuate dungjui in kamzahdân akitheithei pan hi.Asâng,angiem,a ul, atoukâi,khiehsuh,tanggên chite a om guol hi.
Etsahna in; Na nasep na jouta’i? Na nasep na jouta’i?
Ka bawk dîng(to do) ka thei sih hi.(-----------)
Ka bawl dîng(to do ) ka thei sihhi.(--)

Kamhâm pilna =linguistic science ;
Kam khatpou khu apiendân leh akiguoldân ama zie toh a om hi. Atuompouna khat akinei chiet hi. Tami Kamzah sungah midangte kamzah toh kisûn zong tampi a om d^ing hi. Hâmkam kinâite ahi uh leh kamzah khat in ama tuompouna akinei hi.Mangkam leh Zoukam peidân tampi akisûnlou(dissimilar) a om a, a Grammar zong akituoh chet sih a,akibultuo chet thei sih hi. Mangkam Grammar khu Zou Grammar toh ato-alu kituoh chet in akibul thei sih hi.
Kam khat khu buching I chi leh tam anei hinate anei ngâi hi.
Tam atunga hinate toh I gêlkhawm uh English kam pên adumdal mama a, kilheng thimthem anep-anawi tam mama a, khujiehin Mangkam Grammar pên buchinglou(not systematic,unscientific,incomplete) in akimukhie hi.
Traditional Grammar Tângthu
English Grammar khu Rennaissance(khahlawna) hun lâi a ana piengkhie ahi.Middle Age mailing apat Khahlawna hun kipat lam in Europe gam ah Kamhâm(diaclect) tuomtuomte ahing khangkhie hi.Tuate khu lâigielna leh tângthu tuomtuomte ah ana kimang let hi. Itlay gam ah Dante in lâi tampi ana gieldoh hi. England gam ah Chaucer in lâibu tampi ana giel hi. Latin kam pan Grammar simna in ana zang uhhi. Tuachiin English Grammar masapên Pu. Ben Johnson in ana gieldoh hi. Pu. Ben Johnson simlou English Grammarian adangte zong Latin kam ana zil u’a ana siem chiet uhhi.Greek kam zong ana thei uhhi. Khujiehin a neulâi u’a pat in Latin kam ana zil u’a tualeh amaute kamhâm sângin ana nâh ngâisângjaw uhhi.
Khujiehin Latin Grammar pên kamhâm khat sânga lienjaw(superior) leh sângjaw(higher) in ana tuot uhhi.
Khahlawna hunlâiin ahisihleh kum 1700 lâi tuom in mihing lâisiem khat photphot in Latin kam in degree(dikri) ana la hi. Latin kam ana hâzah uhhi. Akihoutuona un ana zang uhhi.
Dr.Samuel Johnson in Latin kam a dikri ana lâh lou vângin Latin leh Greek kum thum(3) ana zil suoh a, Latin leh Greek kam in Late(poems) tampite ana phuo hi.
Khujiehin tua lâisiemte’n Latin Grammar khu etton(norm) in ana mang u’a ana zang u’a English Grammar zong Latin Grammar toh kizawitawn in apeidân tângpi khat Latin kam toh ana têhkâh u’a nan bultuo uhhi. Latin et dungjuiin English Grammar ana sutuo toutou uhhi. Akibahna,akisutna,akibultuo theina leh akilemtuonate ana enkhie u’a tuachiin Traditional English Grammar ana siemdoh u’a ana piengsah uhhi.Tam khu ahileh kum 1600 leh 1700 hunlâi ana hihi.
Mangkam leh Latin pên Indo-European kam innkuon khat ahimanin akibahnate nempi a om veve hi.
Ahivangin, Latin Grammar etton a kinei jiehin kamteng tampi in kikhêlna(change) ana nei hi.
Khujieha lâisiem pawlkhatte’n tuabanga kamtengte kikhêlnate apona mama u’a- kampâu kiemsuhna(degradation) in ana tuot uhhi.Indo-European kam innkuon (language family) lah a Arab, Hebrewte kam chilou in zong kam dangdante’n zong Grammar kamteng thuteng kammal thumal guoldân akinei chiet uhhi.
Tone-language(osuokam)
Suolam gam ah(oriental) leh North America ah osuokam azang uhhi.
Kamteng kikhâikhawm Africa gam ah a om hi.Tambang kam zangte’n English Grammar toh kituohtah in Grammar anei khol sih uhhi. Zoukam zong tam osuokam lah a tel khat veve ahi.
Khujieha Grammar siemte’n Universal Grammar ahisihleh Grammar dihpên kichi leitung mihing kamhâm zangte lah ah a om sih hi achi uhhi. Kam suikhietna dîngin hâmmawl(primitive language) khat sunga lâigieldân a thei sih hi. Khujieha kamzilte’n hâmmawl sunga apatin atheikhiet thei tampi a mukhie uhhi. Kamhâm pên hâm khat apata ahing piengkhie ahi. Kam kaht a kikhêlnate zong kamhâm apat hing kipan ahi.

By Philip Thanglienmang

Mobile phone(Cellphone) leh Hluoh Cancer natna kizawitawn

2008-09-28T23:59:00.000-07:00

Philip Thanglienmang DANICS
Saturday 27/9/08
USA mipilte(saintiste) gendan in mobilephone zah leh hluoh(huoh) cancer natna kizuiton(kizawitawn) himaithei va ciin thusuo zâuthawnghuoitah khat a phuong uhhi.
Mobile phone patsa a’ng pawtkhie radiation/magnetic hu hoilou pen in hinnanei tahsa hiengte a tongkhathei hi.
Tam bang zauhuoi thu pen tuma kum 50 masang lai a, zatep(naziel tep) leh tuop cancer natna kizuiton ahi ci thute lamsang ah, dum siempawlte(tobacco companyte) in a na gingta sih uhhi.
Tam mobilephone patsa pawtdoh magnetic hu(wave) in nuntatnanei/hinnanei(biological) tahsa tungah bangtan sietna leh khatna tunthei di’ei ci thu ah mipilsuisiemte(researchers) zong a kithukim thei nai sih uhhi.

Pu David Carpenter, Director, Institute of Health and Environment, University of Albany in a genna ah, mobile phone magnetic hu leh hluoh cancer nat kizawitawn ahi ci thute pen mawh neplah lou a, ahi ma ahi, ci tanpha a, i gintat pai ding uh ahi ciin, Subcommittee of US House of Representatives Committee on Oversight and Reform maiah phuondohna a nei hi. Ama’n a genkiana ah, ta bang radiation/magnetic hu hoilou in bangtan sietna leh khatna i tahsa tunga a’ng tutthei ahiei, ci khu theicienna cientah thute a kinei nai lou vangin, adiehin naupangte’n tam bang hu hoilou zahna lamsang ah, pilvan mama a ngai leh a kul hi ciin a phuongdoh hi.

Pu Robert Herberman, Director, University of Pittsburg Cancer Institute, in zong a genna ah, cellphone zah leh hluoh cancer natna a kizuiton ahi ci pen a namdetna thu a phuong hi. Pu Robert leh Pu David tegel gendan in, picingte(adults) sangin naupangte’n tam magnetic hu hoilou pen a khanglazaw uhhi, ciin a phuong uhhi.

Cellphone a’ng pienna Scandivania gam a mipilsuisiemte mukhietna dungzuiin cellphone apatsa a’ng pawtdoh magnetic hu in hinnanei tahsa tungah sietna leh khatna a tunthei ma hi, ciin a gen uhhi.

Swedenmi Cancer siem Pu Lennart Hardell in a mukhietna ah, bilkawm a cellphone zangte pen a bil in khuozahna thahui tungah natna hoilou(tumor) aleni in a ngâina gui zangte sangin, a veitheizaw hi ciin a mukhietna a phuong hi.

Israel gam a mipilsuisiemte mukhietdan in, cellphone hâzahte cilpulna tahsa(salivary gland) tungah natna hoilou(tumor) veitheina khu za lahah sawmnga(50%) vei sangzaw a nei uhhi.

Royal Society of London in a suikhietna ah cellphone zanghate sangin a zangbaite pen le-ngavei in hluoh cancer natna vei baizaw hi, ciin a hil uhhi.

Cellphone i hâzahna i bil lang khat pen bou ah, natna hoilou a kiveithei hi a ciin, Pu David Carpenter in a gen hi.

‘Hi ngutva guoite’ mobilephone a mi khat toh ka kisawt hou ciengin, ka bilkawm a’ng sa vungvung a, ka bilkawm a ka thuo sawt ciengin, ka bil hing sa vutvut a, tua cingin, ‘Lawm awi, i kihou tawpsah phot vai, izaw’ ka ci zel hi. Tua ziehin, mobilephone ka nei hi, ciin kûl leh poimaw tinten lou piin thu leh late mawh gengen si’n ciin i kihil ciet uhhi. Tualou zong, i sum i pai, i hunte tampi beisah khat kisuoh ahi,ci khu thei zing va ui. Kalaisai! tazen!, silhoipi khat a, i na gel khat zong silsie na suohthei mawh i ci ciengin gen hasa mama e!, Guoite.
Mobilephone headset zang gige in.

Glossary
Bilkawm= side of ear
Cilpulna tahsa= salivary gland
Dum= tobacco
Dum siempawl=tobacco company
Guoi= lawm. friend.
Hâahte= those who use excessively, frequent users
Hieng= branch, part
Hinnanei= biological, living
Hluoh= huoh.brain
Hu= radiation, magnetic wave, wave
Kalaisai= lamdang. bravo.
Khuozahna thahui= auditory nerve
Kithukim= agree upon
Kizawitawn= kizuiton. Link to
Kûl= required, necessary, basic
Le-ngavei= five times
Mipil= saintis.scientist
Mipilsuisiem=researcher
Mukhiet= finding, discovery
Natna hoilou=tumor, cancer
Naupang= child
Ngâia gui= headset
Nuntatnanei= biological, living
Phuongdoh= declare, proclaim, publicize
Picing= adult
Poimaw= necessary, basic
Sietna leh khâtna= evil effects, danger, loss
Silsie= silhoilou. bad thing, evil
Tazen!= gintatloupi in. surprising, unexpectedly.
Tongkha= affect, influence, effect
Zangbaite= early users
Zanghâte=late users
Zatep=cigarette, tobacco
Zâuthawnghuoi= dangerous, risky, frightening

A brief historical linguistics of Kuki-Chin languages with special reference to diachronic linguistic studies of Zo language in India and Burma

2008-09-28T23:23:00.000-07:00

Introduction to a brief historical records of the Zo people

The Zos are Tibeto-mongoloid group of people, a sub-family of the Kuki-Chin-Mizo race. The name Zo or Zou is the name of a group of Tibeto-Burman people inhabiting the Chin Hills in Mynamar and Manipur in India. It is also recorded as Yo, Jou, Zou by many colonial civil servants and modern writers. While colonial records referred to the Zou tribe variously as ‘Yo’ or ‘Yaw’, the Zou community living in Manipur called themselves ‘Jou’. The first Christian church established by the Zou tribe in Manipur was called Jou Christian Association (JCA) on 20 February 1954. But the Government of India officially recognised the name of this tribe as ‘Zou’ in 1956.I) The earliest historical records of Zo was written by Fan-Cho a diplomat of Tang dynasty of China who mentioned of a kingdom in Chindween valley whose princes and chiefs were callled Zo or Shou or Zhou in the year 862 A. D.
II)The most genuine historical records of the Zos/Zous were written down by Rev.Fr.Vincentious Sangermano; a Roman Catholic Missionary who came to Burma in 1783 A.D. He wrote a book entitled “A Description of the Burmese Empire” it was published in 1835 A.D in Rome in latin language,later on it was translated into English by William Tandy D.D. (reprinted at the Goverment Press,Yangon;MDCL XXXV) Page 35; wrote about the Jou.The extracts are given as under:- “To the East of Chien Mountains between 20o30’ seconds and 21o30’ North latitude is apetty nation called ‘JOU'. They are supposed to have been Chein,who in progress of time, have become Burmaniszed,speaking their language,although very corruptly, and adopting all their customs”
III) Betram S.Carey CIE,Assitant Commissioner,Burma, and Political Officer,Chin Hills and H.N.Tuck ,Extra Assitant Commissioner,Burma and Assistant Political Officer,Chin Hills wrote 'THE CHIN HILLS'. In that book Volume I page 140 they wrote about the Zos as follows:- “The Yos[Zos} tribe three generations back occupied the tract now occupied by the Kanhow clan of Soktes, and many of the Kanhow villages are inhabited still by Yos,whose tribal name has given way to that of Kanhow. As has been shown in the previous chapter,Kantum, the Sokte, conquered all the inhabitants right up to the borders of Manipur,and Kanhow,his so, founded Tiddim village and ruled the newly acquired conquests of his father. The conquered Yos thus became known as Kanhowte,Kanhow’s men, and as they intermaried with the Soktes who settled north with Kanhow Kanhow,there is no real difference between the conquerors and the conquered”.
IV ) F.K.Lehman of Illinois Studies in Anthropology No.3,The University of Illinois Press Urbans 1963,Page 179 states as follows: Between Burma and India there lived a racial group people who are living with their tradition and customs firmly. They are not easy to ruling. They worship “SHA” which was their dead peoples spirits. They called their dead people’s evil spirit JIN. Their origin name is “JOU”

V) The terms ‘Zo’ have been employed in many books written by the people. The first complete version of the Holy Bible in Zo language(1983 A D) used the title as ' The Holy Bible in Zo' and the second complete Holy Bible also used the word 'Zokam'. Pu. T.Gougin used the terminology : Zo and Zomi to denote this community in the book 'A Brief History of Zou'(1961 A.D.) and (L)Pu. Thangkhanlal also used the term 'Zo' in his Zo primer(1973) and Pu.Goupau in ' Zo Sânnêmla' others. The term ‘Zou’ is officially accepted to refer to the Zou tribe in Manipur since 1956. But in Myanmar(Burma) these very same people; they have been using the term 'Zo' to denote themseves in Chin Hills and Sagaing division of Myanmar since the beginning of Roman script for writing perhaps as early as 1920s. The name 'Zo' has been used by Zo Baptist Association (ZBA) and Zo Presbyterian Synod Church in Myanmar.
In the year 1926 two missionaries Mr. Hrangchuaka and Mr.Dawnthawma visited the Zo country and wrote their about them in the bulletin ‘Khristian’. Free translation of the above write up is given below:-

“First of all,I would like to tell briefly about the land as described below:- The country is located in the Imphal areas and north of Guite tracts,between the lands of Meitei and Sukte along the valley of Imphal river. Like,the Lushei country they people have petty chieftains in the small villages which are not extensive enough. They all called themselves by the racial name or tribal name; Zo .....they are very ignorant and illiterate; I learnt that they fought against the Government few years back. Religion: they are all worshippers of spirits of their forefathers, and they practised animal sacrifices to propitiate the spirits.. ‘I donot have a son. If I follow God will I have a son? They used to asked me,thus,the Zo ram ‘Zo country’ does not hear that God sent his only begotten son to redeem the sinners,therefore,I implore to you to please pray for this Zo people”.

A brief Historical linguistics of Kuki-Chin languages with special reference to diachronic linguistic studies of Zo language in India and Burma

During the ancient period the Zo people are said to have possess their own script written on parchments. In course of their migration to distant lands these parchments were lost. Some believed that they were eaten by hungry dogs. Zo language is believed to be very old language as told by elders of the community. Zo language had been in usage circa A.D 850, Prof. G.H Luce stated that the though it is known as Tibeto-Burman their common language is either Chin or Kachin or the combination of both of them. The Zo language is very closely related to the Kachin language.

The coming of missionaries into the land of the Zo people nearly coincides with the education of the people and thus we may say that the historical linguistics of Zo language begins with the advent of the missionaries into the Zo country; eastern and western regions. In the year 1912 A.D the Royal Asiatic Society, Calcutta was founded with Dr.George A.Grierson as one of its founders. In one of its journal they proposed Roman alphabet to write the dialects of the wild tribes. Zo literature also saw its birth sometime in the second decade of the 20th century. In 1904-1930,Dr.George A.Grierson prepared a detailed descriptions of Kuki-Chin languages in Part 3 Vol No.3

Lushai/Mizo/Lusei language Dulien, Duhlian, Lusei and Lushai are one and the same language what is today known as Mizo. In 1893 R. Arthington of the Arthington Aborigines Mission sent two missionaries to Aizawl. In 1894 F.W.Savidge and J.H.Lorraine reached southwest Mizoram. They learned the Lushai(Mizo) language and introduced the Roman script for writing the unwritten Lushai language. They translated some Bible parables. They taught the people how to read and write in their mission schools. They translated the Gospel of St. John and the Acts of the Apostles in Lushai language. They were transferred in 1897. Thus, Lushai/Lusei literature began its long journey from then onwards. In 1898, Rev.D.E Jones reached the western part of Lushai Hills. By 1899,he visited all the important villages they opened up missionary schools and taught the Duhlien dialect. The complete New Testament was published in 1916. J.H.Lorraine started preparing the Lushai-English Dictionary which was published in 1940. The entire Holy Bible(minus Apocripha) translation was completed on 30th June,1955. It was printed at Calcutta and it was published in 1959 by BSI. Now,the Mizo language studied as MIL from Cl.IX,X till M.A level in the state of Mizoram and Manipur.

Hmar language: The Hmar language belongs to the Kuki-Chin-Naga sub-group of Tibeto-Burman stock of the great Sino-Tibetan family of languages. The speakers of the language are also known as Hmar. The allograph of Hmar,as recorded in some books is Mhar.Hmar speakers are scattered over a vast area in Mizoram,Manipur, NC Hills and Cachar districts of Assam state,India. There is no homogenous settlement of Hmar speakers alone. Hmar is a recognised language in the School curriculum of Assam, Manipur and Mizoram, and alsorecently recognised as one of the Modern Indian Language (MIL) at Manipur University. Board of Secondary Education, Assam has also included Hmar as an MIL in its matriculation syllabus from 2005. Beginning: The beginning of written languages in Hmar can be traced to the arrival of missionaries Dr Peter Fraser and his wife Mrs. Fraser sent by Welsh Missionary Society. in 1906 at Senvon. Evangelist Watkin R.Roberts was an independent missionary.In 1908-9, Dr. Fraser arrived at Aizawl where he opened a clinic to treat the hillmen. He appointed Rev. W.R. Roberts as his assistant. Rev. W. R. Roberts began to learn the Lushai language. He visited many villages in Lushai Hills. He bought 104 copies of the Gospel of St. John in Lushai and he distributed them among the Hmar people and one copy was specially sent to the Chief of Senvon,Mr. Kamkholun. The chief of Senvon was greatly impressed by the book he at once requested Rev. W.Roberts to come to Senvon to tell more about the book and his gospel. In those days,Senvon was the biggest Hmar village in Manipur. In spite of ,many warnings by the British officials in Aizawl from the wild head-hunters of those days, Rev.W.Roberts accompanied by two students Lungpau and Thangkhai(both belonging to Vaiphei tribe became the first Christians in Manipur south west area) began their journey from Aizawl on 31, January 1910 towards Senvon. They reached Senvon on 5th February 1910.On the request of Chief of Senvon, Rev.W.Roberts sent three Bible students who volunteered themselves viz; Savawma,Vanzika and Thangchhingpuia to be evangelist teachers. They arrived at Senvon on 7th May 1910. They opened a Mission School at Senvon Hmunte. They also taught the Good News to the peoples besides teaching them the 3 Rs. Thus, the Hmar literatures/language saw its birth through those missionaries. He translated the Gospel of St. John in Hmar language. In those days, the Mission was referred to as Thadou-Kuki Pioneer Mission(1910-1928) which was later on renamed as North East India General Mission(NEIGM) in 1928.In 1920,the Gospel of Mark in Hmar,translated by Mr.F.J.Sandy of Eldh Presbyterian Mission,was published at Aizawl. Later on,the whole of the New Testament was translated by Mr. H.S Thanglung,H.L Sela and others,was published in 1946.Mr. R. Dala wrote a book titled ‘Khrista Hnena mi huai Dan’ and he published a monthly magazine called ‘Thadou-Kuki Pioneer Mission’(Khristian Tlangau Bu).

Vaiphei language

The Gospel of St. John was translated into Vaiphei by Rev.Watkins.R.oberts and it was published in 1917 by Bible Society of India. The New Testament and Psalms printed in 1957 were translated by Mr. Siaklam assisted by Mssrs.Liankhopao,Khaivung,Zamkai and Pauva.In 1967,the book of Genesis was printed by the Bible Society of India. Mr. Th.Lamboi with the help of the Trinitarian Bible Society in London published Bible in 1979. Vaiphei is a developing language.

Haka/Hakha(Lai) and Khalkha languages

In 1898,Rev.Carson and his wife reached Haka to preach the Good News. On 15,March,1899, Rev. Arthur Carson and his wife of A.B.M reached Haka the capital of the Chin State/Hills,with much difficulties he managed to convert one person in 1904,after struggling for five years. He introduced the Roman alphabet and taught the people how to write in their mother tongue. He translated the New Testament into different dialects. He died on 1,April,1908 at Haka. On 5,April,1906 Chester Strait arrived at Haka. He learnt the Haka(Lai) language well. He established a Bible school at Haka in May,1928 with few students. He prepared Sunday school lessons and translated the New Testament in Lai(Haka) language which was published by Mission Press Rangoon in 1940.

Tangkhul language

In 1894,February William Pettigrew who was incharge of the American Baptist Mission,opened a school among the Meitei Hindus at Imphal. He was not welcomed in the land of Meiteis. In 1895,he establish a Mission centre at Ukhrul. From the years 1895 to 1910 he learnt the local language,later on he developed the Tangkhul language by unifying the various village dialectical groups into one single language; Hundung/Ukhrul dialect. Now,the Tangkhul language taken as MIL from Cl.IX,X till Cl.XII the state of Manipur.

Thado-Kuki language

On the demand of Rev. William Pettigrew, Dr.Grozier came to Kangpokpi in the last part of 1909. From 1910 onwards,he set up a Medical Centre at Kangpokpi Mission Compound servving as Doctor for the sick and the poor. The history of this language began with the arrival of the missionaries at Kangpokpi,Manipur state. T.C Hodson(1905) called this language as Thado,Rev. William Pettigrew named it Thadou. Longkhobel Kilong(1922) and Thomsong Ngulhao(Lekhabul,Thadou Kuki first Primer 1927) called it Thadou Kuki.T.Lunkim,in the early 1970s proposed the name of this language as 'Kuki'. He wrote the Holy Bible in Kuki.Mssrs. Lt.R.Steward (author of ' A slight notice of the Grammar of Thado or New Kuki language published in the Journal of Asiatic Society of Bengal 1857) and Dament called it Thado language and local dialect it is known as Thado pao. Thadou or Thadou-Kuki is a language spoken in the states of Assam,Nagaland,Mizoram,Manipur and in the Chin Hills of Burma, Homalin areas of Upper Burma and Chittagong tracts of Bangladesh. It is widely spoken language belonging to the Kuki-Chin sub-group of Tibeto-Burman sub-family of Sino-Tibetan families of languages.It shares linguistic similarities and ethnographic similarities with the other dialects of th Kuki-Chin sub-groups.Now,the Thado-Kuki language taken as MIL from Cl.IX,X till Cl.XII the state of Manipur.

Paite language

The beginning of written languages in Paite can also be traced to the arrival of missionaries Dr Peter Fraser and his wiwfe Mrs. Fraser sent by Welsh Missionary Society. in 1906 at Senvon. Evangelist Watkin R.Roberts was an independent missionary.Rev. W. R. Roberts began to learn the Lushai language. He visited many villages in Lushai Hills. He bought 104 copies of the Gospel of St. John in Lushai and he distributed them among the Hmar people and other neighbouring people.In spite of ,many warnings by the British officials in Aizawl from the wild head-hunters of those days,Rev.W.Roberts accompanied by two students Lungpau and Thangkhai(both belonging to Vaiphei tribe became the first Christians in Manipur south west area) began their journey from Aizawl on 31,January 1910 towards Senvon. They reached Senvon on 5th February 1910.On the request of Chief of Senvon,Rev.W.Roberts sent three Bible students who volunteered themselves viz; Savawma or Thangbula ? , Vanzika and Thangchhingpuia to be evangelist teachers. They arrived at Senvon on 7th May 1910. They opened a Mission School at Senvon Hmunte. They taught the Good News to the peoples besides teaching them the 3 Rs. He translated the Gospel of St. John in Hmar language. In those days, the Mission was referred to as Thadou-Kuki Pioneer Mission(1910-1924/28?) which was later on renamed as North East India General Mission(NEIGM) in 1924 or 1928? by Rev. H. Coleman,due to some misunderstandings between him and Rev.Watkin Roberts. Mr. H.K.Dohnuna and Rev.Watkin Roberts established a denominations called Independent Church of India(ICI).The Assembly includes various communities such as Paite,Lushai,Hmar,Thado-Kuki, Zo. From 1910 till 1947 there was one administration under the umbrella of NEIGM. As the number of tribes increased there arose linguistic problems amongst them. So,inorder to facilitate smooth functioning of the NEIGM,a resolution was passed in 1948 to divide NEIGM into different Presbyteries.In March,1948, just before the General Assembly to be held in 1949, the South Eastern Area Presbytery consisting mainly of Paite tribe and others(e.g. Zos of South District of Manipur now known as Churachandpur district,India), resolved to remain as separate Presbytery and they held their own conference at Kaihlam in 1949. It became the first Paite Christian Conference. In 1950 Songtal conference it was renamed as Manipur Christian Convention,later on was renamed as Evangelical Convention Church, now it is Evangelical Baptist Church.The Gospel of St. John was translated by T.C Tiankham,Nengzachin, Vungthawn, Chinlang and Thangkhawgin were published by NEIGM. The first edition of the New Testament and Psalms as translated by the above persons was published in 1951 by the Bible Society of India(BSI). Another version of the New Testament edited by Rev. Nengzachin, Jamkhothang, Vungthawn, Nengthawn, Khamkam and Englian was printed in 1959 by BSI. The complete Bible in Paite(minus Apocripha) was translated by Rev. Nengzachin and committee was published in 1971.Now,the Paite language taken as MIL from Cl.IX,X til B.A(TDC) in the state of Manipur.

Gangte language

The Gospel of St. Mathew was first book to be translated and published in 1951 by the BSI. The whole New Testament translated by Mr. Thongzakham and Mr. Vungzadal was published in 1959. The entire Bible (minus Apocripha) was translated by Mr. Khaigin Gangte of Evangelical Christian Synod(formerly known as Manipur Christian Synod) printed in 1991.

Kom language

The Gospel of St. Mathew was translated by Evan. Lunkhohen of American Baptist Mission was printed by BSI in 1954 and the entire New Testament was published in 1976 under the Chief translator Mr. Daniel Kom.Simte languageThe Gospel of St. John was translated by Mr. Ramlien Pudaite in 1957. The New Testament was printed in 1975 published by Trinitarian Bible Society of London. The entire Bible based on KJV English (minus Apocripha) was released on 20th January 1993 at Churachandpur,New Testament Baptist Church.

Diachronic Linguistic Studies of Zo language in Burma and India

In Burma the development of Tedim dialect and Zo language and its literature owes to one great missionary in the person of Rev. Joseph Hebert Cope of American Baptist Mission. In December 21,1908, he reached Haka and learnt the Haka and Falam dialects to spread the word of God but he was not very successful. In 1910, he arrived at Tedim town in Chin Hills and he began to learn the local language;Tedim-Chin or Tiddim-Chin. He had to face a lot of resistance and hardships especially from the orthodox Zos. The practice of social drinking was prevalent in those days,it took quite a long time to convert souls for Christ due to the orthodoxy of the Zo people who use to worship the supreme being called ‘Pasien’ and their ancestors’ spirits called ‘Pusha’ .The form of worship is known as ‘Pusha Bieh’. Their form of ancient ancestor worship or religion may be termed as ‘Lawkism’ in anglicized terminlogy.

Kamhau dialect,Tedim,Tedim-Chin,Tiddim-Chin language

Prior to the development of Zo language in Burma,the most developed language and literature was that of Kamhau dialect or Tedim dialect found in the Northern Chin Hills of Burma.The beginning of the 20th century Pu. Kamhau was one of the Sukte rulers(Innpite) of Tedim,Tonzang and other Zo villages in Chin Hills,his dialect was similar to the Tiddim-Chin dialect, therefore, he propagated his own dialect amongst his subjects after his name; Kamhau and he made it as the official language of his tracts with the patronage of the British Rulers and missionaries of those days. It was known as Kamhau dialect. In many books it is also recorded as Sukte dialect. The loconym Tedim is the allograph of Tiddim-Chin vice-versa. Rev. J.H. Cope compiled hymn book in Tedim dialect and he also published portions of the Gospels. In 1913, he compiled the first Chin Primer in Tedim dialect using Roman Scripts called Mang Tual Lai). In 1915, J.H Cope translated the ‘Mate Lai Siangtho’ (Gospel of St.Mathew) in Kamhau dialect and it was printed by British & Foreign Bible Society,Rangoon and the ‘Zawhang Lai Siangtho’(Gospel of St.John) in Kamhau dialect,1923. These Bibles were the forerunners of the later days Tiddim-Chin Bibles. In 1931, The Sermont on the Mount was published in Pau Cin Hau script with the help of Mrs. Cope and Pu.Thang Cin Kham of Tonzang village. Due to the non-availability of printing technology for this script it could not be fully developed as a means of education in schools. He began to publish a 16 page bulletin called Tedim Thukizakna with the help of local pastors and literates from 1919 till his death in 1938.About 1920-21,there was a Educational Conference at Falam which agreed to develop the Roman alphabet as a medium of instructions for schools in place of Burmese. The Chin Education Conference at Maymyo was held on 23rd October 1923,wherein the members resolved to prepare school textbooks in Tiddim-Chin language. Consequently, Rev. In 1922, J.H Cope was confered the rank of Honorary Inspector of Schools for the whole of Chin Hills. Hence forth,he was known as Sângmâng Pa ‘Master of Schools’. In the year 1925,he organized all the Primary Schools into Tedim Chin Primary Schools.It is recorded that as told by Rev. Thang Kho Chin of Phaitu village, that when Rev. J.H Cope tried to prepare folktales in the Tedim-Chin Readers he could not satisfactory gather detail accounts of the Zo folktales among the Tedim speaking people of Tedim town,he said that some Tedim speaking elders pointed out to J.H Cope that the Zo people who preserve their customs, traditions and folktales still in tact, should be consulted for the purpose of writing folktales and other stories and so he approached them accordingly. So, he consulted and interviewed Pu Tuong Za Go of Lomzang village in Tongzang Myone who knew many folktales and stories,thus many Zo folktales and legends of course, the native Zo language also came to be incorporated into the Tedim-Chin Reader which was later on through several revisions the native Zo language was gradually dropped in place of Tiddim-Chin dialect. By 1925 A.D he prepared the Tiddim-Chin Readers. In 1931, he translated portions of the New Testament in Tedim dialect. In 1932, assisted by Sia Vial Nang, Rev. J.H.Cope completed the first complete New Testament Bible in the Chin Hills which was published by British and Foreign Bible Society(Rangoon) in Kamhau/Tiddim-Chin dialect. In 1948, Sia Hau Go reprinted the New Testament, in Tedim dialect(Lai Siang tho thak,Tedim kam). In 1967, The New Testament and Psalms in Tedim kam was published by Bible Society of India,was officially released at Guwahati Conference of CBCNEI. On 12th June 1977, under the aegis of the Tedim Baptist Association and Chin Baptist Association(Lamka),with the assistance of the Bible Society of India published the complete Holy Bible(minus Apocripha) translated and edited by Rev. Kam Khaw Thang of Burma,was released at Churachandpur,Manipur.

Zo language [Zokam/Zohâm]

After the British Rulers left India and Burma,the Zo language suffered much disintegration and diversifications in terms of its orthographies specially in N.E India.With coming of the tribe recognitions in the beginning of 1950s by Government of India(vis a vis Government of Manipur), various speech communities of the Kuki-Chin groups began to adopt their own dialects as the basis of their ethnic differentiation and identities. The Kuki-Chin linguistic world was split up into various ethnic components such as ; Kom, Chothe, Anal, Paite, Simte,Thadou, Zo, Gangte, Vaiphei etc. We have already seen the growth and develpment of Zo language in Burma through the pioneering works of Rev.J.H Cope, the Zos also benefited from the point of literature and religion.

Prior to the 1950s, like the Zos in Burma,the Zos in India were staunch believers of their ancient fore-fathers religion; ancestor worship which I may be called it ‘Lawkism’ in anglicized terminology. In the early 1950s,with the advent and invasion of foreign religion in the form of Christianity, the majority of the Zos were converted into Christian faith some were converted individually,major chunk of population underwent mass conversion resulting in drastic transformations of their social systems,kinship systems,customs,culture,and tribe solidarity. The advent of the new faith and its missionary activities came the western education. Many youngmen became literate and enlightened. In course of time,the newly educated people felt the necessity of having a denomination based on their tribe or community. The Zos of India and Burma were using either the Paite or Tedim Hymn Books and Gospels since the beginnning of the 20th century. Some even used to read the Lushai Bible. They also longed to have hymn books and the Bible in their own mother tongue. In 1946, some schools were opened among the Zos in South district of Manipur state. The E.C.C missionaries Mssrs.Vungdal, Khamzalian, Thongluon used to preach the Gospel among the Zos of South District. Some people were converted to Christianity. However, in those days, there was no single organised Zo Christian denomination amongst them, in fact, they were scattered among various denominations such as E.C.C, E.A.C etc. After few years many Zos left their parent denominations MCConvention/ECC which were under N.E.I.G was rechristened as Evangelical Congregational Church of India (E.C.C.I) in November,1986. Some newly educated Zos like Mr.Thawngzakhup and Mr.Kamzakhup began to organise the new converts into associations due to tribalism and linguistics differences as perceived by them. On 20, February1,1954, they founded a new denomination known as ‘Jou Christian Association’ at Daijang village, South district,Manipur under the Chairmanship of Late Pu. Ngulzakhup. In 1956 they held the second JCA session at Buhsau village in which they renamed it as Manipur Christian Conference(MCC) so as to get a separate Presbytery affiliation under NEIGM.Through their newly established church denomination,the Zos began to develop their own language and literature in their own mother tongue. The first hymn book called ‘Zomi Christian Labupi’ was printed in 1954(500 copies) compiled and edited by Zomi Theme Committee, Tuaitengphai under the leadership of Pu. Thonghang(T.Tungnung), Pu.Kaizakham (K.Phiemphu) and Pu.Semkhopao (S.K.Samte). They can be given the status of the Pioneers of Zo literature in Manipur(India). The second, third, fourth editions came out in 1956(2,000 copies), 1970(3000 copies), 1985( 1000 copies) and 1989(3000 copies;tonic solfa) respectively. Pu.S.K Samte published the first newspaper known as 'Jougam-Thusuo' in March,1954. He used a mixture of Hunterian orthography and the A,B,C....Z system based on phonological features of the then unwritten Zo language,as it is evident from the spellings found in the newspaper1.In 1956 A.D, (L) Pu. T. Nengkhogin prepared and published a Zo primer known as ‘Jou Simpat Bu 2 ’ with the assistance of Pu.S.K Samte. In that he proposed the use of the Roman Script,which is today known as the English Alphabet. Since,he was the pioneer in Zo orthography(reading and writing system) in Manipur he could be given the title of the Father of Zo Literature(Zo Laipa) in Indian context. In 1957, Pu. T. Gougin, Sub. Peter Thangkhokam, Pu.Vummâng and Pu.Jâmkhogin all of them painstakingly collected and compiled the ancient mores, customs and traditions of the Zos from the various chiefs. On 1.12.1957, they published the first ever Jou Customary Law 3 book with the patronage of the Zo chiefs. Thus, all of them may be given the titles of the Fathers of Zo Customary Law book. In 1958, Pu S.K.Samte prepared 4(four) books they are; Jou Lai Bu Ina, Jou Lai Bu IIna, Tuottung Bu and Jou Hindi Simpat. In 1961, Pu T.Gougin M.A published a book on Zo people known as ‘A Brief History of Zou’. In 1967, the first New Testament in Zokam was translated and published by Pu.S.K.Samte.In 1967, Pu Thangkhanlal prepared 6(six) books on Zo language viz; Zolai Bu Khatna, Zolai Bu Nina, Naupangte Zolai Patna, Learners English. He followed the Hunterian system i.e A, AW, B, CH orthography which is adopted by the Lushai(Mizo) literature and partly of Rev. J.H Cope’s orthography which is still used by the Tedim-Chins and some Zo people in Burma.

Pu S.Mangsuanthang also prepared some Zo Primer following the same orthography. But the spelling usages employed by the two authors are not same.In the early 1980s a man named Pu Siehzathang claimed to have discovered the lost script of Zo language in his dreams! Later on, UZO accepted it to be the script for Zou vernacular in 1983. But,on detailed analysis it seems to be admixture of Burmese and Bengali script. Of course,the invention of this script shows his creativity of thought and his love of language. This script also needs fine tuning in terms of tones and vowel system.

In the late 1970 and early 80s the Catholic Church, Manipur published a book combining the Doxology and Hymns in Zo language called Jesu Minphat Un edited and compiled by Late Samuel M.Khamzakhup.

In 1977,the Zomi Inter-confessional Bible Translation Committee under the Chairmanship of Mr. T.Stephen Semkholun began the translations of the entire Holy Bible in Zo at Daijang village in South District of Manipur. It took 7 years to translate the entire Holy Bible. Mr. T. Aloysius Nehkhojang B.A,B.Th took over the Chairmanship of the ZICBTC in the year 1979, then on he proceeded to Madras for proof-reading, editing, compiling etc its printing took nearly 5 years to complete. In 1983, the first complete Holy Bible in Zo (including the first Apocripha translation among the Kuki-Chin group of languages) published by the Diocese of Imphal was released at Good Shepherd Parish,Churachandpur,Manipur.In 1995,under the aegis of the Bible Society of India, Bangalore, Rev. L.Taithul published the Holy Bible in Zomi minus Apocripha. These two versions of the Holy Bible in Zokam has greatly influenced the literature world of the Zos. The old orthographies of the Rev. John H.Cope and Rev. James Herbert Lorraine(he followed the Hunterian system developed by Sir William Hunter-author of Imperial Gazetteer,1900) underwent profound changes during the past 27 years of the existence of the Bibles in Zokam/Zohâm(Zo language) in India and Burma.

In the year 1995 Zou Literature Society Manipur was registered under the Societies Registration Act. In the year 1998 Zou Cultural-cum-Literature Society Delhi was registered which was rechristened as Zo Cultural-cum-Literature Society India later on. Besides, these societies there are other literature committees set up and maintained by various Church denominations for the development of Zo language; prominent among them is Zomi Christian Literature Committee of the former Zomi Christian Church now converted into Evangelical Lutheran Church Manipur(ELCM). The Zo Presbyterian Church is regularly bringing out a bulletin called Khristian Tangkou, the counterpart of this in the E.L.C.M is Gospel Tangkou. Both these bulletins more or less follow the Bible orthographies.

In 2000,the Zou Literature Society,Manipur published books for Cl.IX and X which is studied in the state of Manipur India. The orthography used in these books are mostly based on the Bibles in Zo language but there are lot of double vowels which gives the writings very clumsy looks. Then,the punctuations are filled with hyphens and dashes which again gives the writings uneconomical and cumbersome. The contents of the books are mostly upto the mark.

In 2001,the Zo Baptist Association Hqtrs, Kalaymyo,Myanmar(Burma) published a magazine known as ‘A.D 2000,ZO MAGAZINE’ dated March 2001 which gives a lot of information about the history,language,culture and religions of Zos in Burma. One notable feature of this book is that it is written according to the orthography followed in the Zo Bibles(1983 and 1995). In this magazine there are proper blends of the old orthography(J.H Cope,Hunterian) and new orthography A,B,C,D,….Z system propounded by Mr. T. Aloysius Nehkhojang B.A,B.Th in Holy Bible in Zo(1983) which also again consists of beautiful blends of the old ones and the new ones. The orthography adopted in this magazine is easy to read but this newest trend in Zo linguistics still requires much more fine tuning and proper refinements for its final adoption as the orthography of Zo language.

In 2001 Rev.Fr, Andrew Gou Lien published a book called Catholic Biehpiehna leh Missa Bu with help of Catholic Church of Haka diocese. This publication is the first ever in Zo literature world of Myanmar in the Catholic Church. There is a lot of room for improvement in the punctuations used here.

In 2006,under the aegis of the Zo Cultural-cum-Literature Society India Mr. Philip Thanglienmang, DANICS, B.E(Civil),M.A(Linguistics) published 5 books the most prominent being; ‘Dictionary of Zo Poetic Words,Metaphors and Similes Vol.I’. The other books are i) The Brief Biography of Subedar Peter ThangkhokamTungdim ii) Ka hinkhuo tomkim by Mari Lienzanieng iii) Ka Katekizam Masapen iv) Katholik Zailate leh Mass zuidan.

In 2006,the Zou Literature Society Manipur publised two books for Cl.X and XII viz; Chinthu Zaila by ZLSM and Zou Grammar and Compostion(Zouham Zahdan) by Philip Thanglienmang, DANICS.

In 2006,the Zo Baptist Association,Hqtrs,Myanmar with the help of Bible Society of India, Bangalore published the Zo Lai Siengtho; Zo Bible consisting of the New Testament version with Psalms for their own use in Burma and India.

By Philip Thanglienmang

Bibliographies:

1. J.C.A; JOUGAM-THUSUO Vol.I Douta March 1954 Ist year which is recorded as 10 Feb, 1954 by M.G.P/M.E.P in JCA Golden Jubilee Souvenir 2004.

2. Jou simpat Bu; JOUGAM-THUSUO Vol.I Douta March 1954 Ist year

3. Jou Customary Book; Jou Tawndan collected and compiled by Pu.T. Gougin M.A dated 1-12-1957

4. Leivui Panin by Late Rev. Khup Za Go

5. Zou Lai Khantousah dingdan thu(How to develop the Zou Literature) ‘A Seminar Paperpresented at the U.Z.O Lamka Block Conference on the 12th Dec 1995 by Pu.T.AloysiusNehkhojang B.A.,B.D,B.Ph,Secretary,Zou Literature Society Manipur.

6. Zomi Christian Church,Tapidaw-40 (1954-1994) Souvenir editor: Rev.David K.Samte

7. Tapidaw Golden Jubilee 2004 sungah "Tawndan leh Tapidaw biehna" by Upa Suonkhanmang Chief of Tangpijol

8. A.D 2000,ZO MAGAZINE dated March 2001,Kalaymyo,Myanmar(Burma)

9. Tapidaw 50 Golden Jubilee 2004

10. What is in a name? Everything is in a name! Thado vs Kuki by Dr.M.S Thirumalai dated 9th Sept,2005.

11. Christianity in Manipur by Pu.H.S. Hatzaw 2003,Lamka

About the author

Pu.Philip Thanglienmâng ahileh Pu.(L) Subedar Thangkhokâm tapa lîna ahi. Amapa pên February 22,1964 kum in Singtom ,khuo Chandel District,Manipur ah apieng hi.

Alâisimnate:-Pawl Kg-IVtan;1970 apat 1975 kum sungin St.Joseph’s School,Sugnu,Manipur ;ah ana kâi hi.

1980 kum in Loyola High School,Jakhama,Nagaland;ah Pawl X ana jou a,Nagaland pumpi adingin topper 10th Rank(asawmna)in ana panghi. Hygiene,Science leh Geography subjectte ah 80%(distinction) ana mu hi.Nagaland State Government Scholarship mu in St.Edmund’s College,Shillong ah P.U.Sc 1982 kum in 75% in ana jou hi.

1986 kum sungin Lukhdhirji Engineering College,Morvi,Gujarat ah ;B.E.(Civil) Engineering First Class in ana jou hi.1987 kum in Manipur Public Works Department ah Section Officer-I asem hi.

1993 kum June ha in Assistant Engineer in ana kâisâng hi.DC,Churachandpur ah AE(Dev) in ana toukha hi.

1994 kum in Anthropology leh Geography subjectte la in Civil Service(Main) Examination ah ana lawching a, Delhi Andaman &Nicobar IslandsCivil Service(DANICS) amu hi.

1997 apatin Delhi Government ah

1)Sub-Divisional Magistrate(Chanakyapuri)

2) Sub-Divisional Magistrate (HQ)

3) Sub-divisional Magistrate(Elections)

4) Deputy Director(Transport)

5) Deputy Director(Higher Education)

6) Assistant Commissioner,Food &Supply Department ana sêmkha a ,Tuin .... in asem hi.

HOBBY: Nga thângkam(Angling)

Author: The author is a civil servant belonging to Delhi,Daman&Diu,DNH,Andaman,Nicobar Islands Civil Services(DANICS) of UT Cadre in the Government of India,Ministry of Home Affairs. He is presently posted in the Government of Delhi as Dy.Commisioner (T&T). Prior to this,he was posted in Delhi from 1997 till 2005. He completed M.A(Linguistics) in 2006 from Annamalai University,Annamalainagar,Tamilnadu. He has authored/compiled 5(five) books in one year(i.e 2006) they are; 1)Zo Lahâmtengte, Kigêntênate leh Kitêkâhnate Hâmbu vol.I(Dictionary of Zo poetic words,metaphors and similes Vol.I), 2)A Brief biography of Subedar Peter Thangkhokam 3)Ka hinkhuo tomkim by Mari Lienzanieng(compiled) 4)Ka Katekizam Masapên5) Katholik Zailate leh Mass Lamzûina(compiled). He is doing his own amateur research on Zo language.

Presently posted as Dy.Commisioner (T&T),Government of Delhi

Zou Literature Society Manipur History

2008-09-26T02:19:00.000-07:00

Zou Literature Society Manipur was registered in 1995 at Churachandpur.